Estrous Cycle Wk 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 major phases of estrous cycle

A
  • follicular phase
  • luteal phase
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2
Q

What hormone is dominant in follicular phase?

A
  • E2 dominant
  • Ends at ovulation
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3
Q

What hormone is dominant in the luteal phase?

A
  • P4 dominant because of the CL on the ovaries (CL are the source of progesterone)
  • 80% of cycle
  • Ends at luteolysis (breakdown of CL)
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4
Q

4 smaller stages of the estrous cycle are

A
  • proestrus
  • estrus
  • metaestrus
  • diestrus
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5
Q

Proestrus: what phase is this apart of and what hormone increases?

A

apart of the follicular phase, E2 increases and P4 decreases
follicular growth

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6
Q

Estrus phase most important part: what phase is this apart of and what hormone peaks?

A
  • Follicular phase, sexual receptivity*
  • Peak in E2
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7
Q

Metestrus: what phase is this apart of and what hormone increases?

A

Luteal phase, CL formation, increasing P4 and decreasing E2

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8
Q

Diestrus phase: what major phase is this apart of and what hormone is predominant?

A
  • Luteal phase, CL fully functional, sustained high P4
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9
Q

Changes during estrus: physiological changes during estrus?

A

red swollen vulva
increased thin clear mucous
increased uterine tone
thickened vaginal epithelium

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10
Q

behavioural changes during estrus

A

vocalisation, roaming, mounting, tail elevation, urination, lordosis (cat posture with backside upwards)

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11
Q

What is anestrus?

A

condition defined by lack of cycling, where ovary has no ovulatory follicles or no corpora lutea*

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12
Q

What are causes of anestrus?

A

Pregnancy
Lactation
seasonal
undernutrition/stress effects
pathology -> genetic defect causing breakdown of HPG access?

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13
Q

Which stage follows ovulation and comes before rise in progesterone?

A

Metestrus -> P4 starts to increase but not significantly until diestrus phase

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14
Q

difference between monooestrous and polyoestrous and seasonally polyoestrous

A
  • monoestrous = 1 cycle per year
  • polyoestrous = many cycles per year
  • monooestrous = dog, fox
  • polyoestrous = cat, cows, pigs
  • seasonally polyoestrous = mares (long day), ewes (short day)
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15
Q

length of cycle for queen -oestrous, estrus and ovulation days

A

17 days
estrus duration: 9 days
Ovulation: induced ovulation

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16
Q

length of cycle for bitch -oestrous, estrus and ovulation days

A

6 months
estrus: 9 days
ovulation: about 3 days

17
Q

length of cycle for sow- oestrous, estrus and ovulation days

A

21 days
estrus: 50 hours
ovulation: 36-44hrs

18
Q

length of cycle for mare - oestrous, estrus and ovulation days

A

21 days
estrus: 7 days
ovulation: 5 days

19
Q

ewe length of cycle - oestrous, estrus and ovulation days

A

17 days
Estrus: 30hours
ovulation: 24-30hrs

20
Q

cow length of oestrous cycle oestrous, estrus and ovulation days

A

21 days
estrus: 15hrs
ovulation: 24-32hrs