Essentials of Evolution

Question 1

1. Theory of evolution: life on

Answer 1

Earth began from a COMMON ANCESTOR over a long period of time. (1)

Question 2

Evidenceofevolution:

(a) Give two pieces of evidence for evolution. (2)
(b) What do fossil records tell us about evolution? (2) (c) Name the technique to find out the age of fossil. (1)x

Answer 2

1. fossils and comparative embryology.
2. fossils tell us existing LF arose from pre-e LF & simple LF-> complex LF
3. carbon dating

Question 3

Evolution tree:

a) Be able to construct an evolution tree by comparing DNA and amino acid sequences. (3

Answer 3

x

Question 4

(b) What is the assumption when constructing the tree?

Answer 4

The characteristics of organisms are determined by the DNA
i
Any change in theDNA sequence will affect the AMINO ACID sequence, and result in different proteins and characteristics formed.
i
The closer the evolutionary relationship would have MORE genetic similarities.

Question 5

(a) What is meant by homological structures? (2)

Answer 5

SAME basic design, diff function

Question 6

(b) Give one example of homological structures in mammals. (1)

Answer 6

pendactyl limbs

Question 7

(c) What is meant by analogical structures? (1)

Answer 7

DIFF basic structure, same function