Essential Skills Flashcards
What is attending?
expressiveness and mirroring posture
What is the value of attending?
encourages the client to keep talking, feel a sense of safety and demonstrates empathy and compassion
What are the things to be mindful of in attending?
- agreeing
- endorsing
- fakeness
What are verbal minimal encourages?
one or two words, a phrase, an utterance
What are non-verbal minimal encourages?
movements
Why do we use minimal encourages?
- confirms we are listening
- encourages client to keep talking
- establishes clarity
What are the things to be mindful of in minimal encourages?
- sympathising
- consoling
- endorsing
What is paraphrasing (content)?
Reflecting content is listening to another person and reflecting the essence of the content of the communication to the other in your own words
Why do we use paraphrasing (content)?
- speaker feels heard and understood
- provides feedback
- clarifying understanding
What are the things to be mindful of in paraphrasing (content)?
- restating facts
- labelling
- taking sides
- putting new ideas in the clients head
What is paraphrasing (feelings)?
identifying the feelings in a persons verbal and body language and reflecting those feelings back to the client
Why do we use paraphrasing (feelings)?
- bring vaguely expressed feelings into clearer understanding- validates feelings
- releases emotional pressure
- move towards greater self-awareness
- deeper levels of expression and deepen relationship
What are the things to be mindful of in paraphrasing (feelings)?
- family and cultural backgrounds
- timing
What is summarising?
checking with the speaker that what is being heard and understood is accurate
Why do we use clarifying?
- develops shared understanding
- supports clients to identify values, beliefs, intentions, decisions
What are the things to be mindful of in clarifying?
- narrowing clarification
- clarifying too early
What can transitional questions do?
establish connections; often to an earlier part of discussion
What can probing questions do?
encourage clients to enlarge or expand on their initial response
What are circular questions?
questions about the perspective of another
What can scaling questions do?
track changes
What can goaling questions do?
establishing direction
What can leading questions do?
usually subtly, points the respondant’s answer in a certain direction
What can clarifying questions do?
open questions by the counsellor to make sure they fully understand what the client means
What are the things to be mindful of in questions?
- bombardment
- multiple questions
- questions as statements
- scaffolding
