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ESR Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to the speed of the settling of RBCs in Anticoagulated Blood

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

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2
Q

ESR measures what? (2)

A
  1. Distance
  2. Speed of Fall of RBCs
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3
Q

Most important factor influencing ESR

A

Plasma Proteins

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4
Q

3 Stages of ESR

A
  1. Initial Period of Aggregation / Rouleaux Formation
  2. Period of Fast Settling
  3. Final Period of Packing
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5
Q

Time for the First Stage of ESR

A

First 10 Mins

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6
Q

Time for the Second Stage of ESR?

A

40 Mins

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7
Q

Time for the final stage of ESR?

A

Last 10 mins

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8
Q

ESR indirectly measures?

A

Inflammation

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9
Q

2 Importance of ESR

A
  1. Index of Presence of Active Infection
  2. Measure Suspension stability of RBCs
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10
Q

ESR Indicates abnormal Concentrations of? (3)

A
  1. Fibrinogen
  2. Globulin
  3. Plasma Proteins
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11
Q

2 Methods of ESR Determination

A
  1. Wintrobe-Landsberg Method
  2. Westergren Method
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12
Q

A quite accurate method for ESR Determination

A

Wintrobe - Landsberg Method

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13
Q

How long do you have to stand the Tubes for ESR Determination?

A

1 Hour / 60 Mins

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14
Q

Normal value of Male in Wintrobe Method?

A

0-10 mm/hr

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15
Q

Normal Value of Females in Wintrobe Method?

A

0-20 mm/hr

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16
Q

0-10 / Red Calibration mark in Wintrobe is used for?

17
Q

10-0 / White Calibration mark of Wintrobe Tube is used for?

A

Hematocrit Determination

18
Q

Most sensitive method for ESR Determination?

A

Westergren Method

19
Q

Can be used for serial studies of Chronic Diseases such as Tuberculosis/Carcinoma?

A

Westergren Method

20
Q

Normal value of Male in Westergren Method?

A

0-15 mm/hr

21
Q

Normal Value of Female in Westergren Method?

A

0-17 mm/hr

22
Q

Length of Westergren Tube

23
Q

Length of Wintrobe Tube

24
Q

Difference Between Westergren and Wintrobe in terms of Bottom of Tube

A

Westergren: Open
Wintrobe: Flat & Closed

25
Q

Anticoagulant of Choice for Westergren?

A

3.8% Trisodium Citrate

26
Q

Calibration for Wintrobe?

27
Q

Anticoagulant of Choice for Wintrobe Method?

A

Hellen & Paul’s Double Oxalate

28
Q

Calibration for Westergren Method?

29
Q

Disadvantage of Wintrobe Method?

A

Less Sensitive

30
Q

Give at least 5 Clinical Significance of an Increased ESR

A
  1. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  2. Pregnancy
  3. Bacterial Infection
  4. Malignancy
  5. Tissue Damage
  6. Multiple Myeloma
  7. Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
  8. Severe Anemia
31
Q

Give the 4 Clinical Significance of a Normal to Decreased ESR

A
  1. Polycythemia
  2. Sickle Cell Anemia
  3. Spherocytosis/Poikilocytosis
  4. Increase Viscosity
32
Q

3 Sources of Error for Falsely Increased ESR

A
  1. Tilted column
  2. Hemolysis
  3. Increased room temp
33
Q

3 Sources of Error for Falsely Decreased Results

A
  1. Clotted
  2. Excess Anticoagulant
  3. Old Blood

HEMA LAB (9 decks)

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