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HEMA LAB > Collection of Blood > Flashcards

Collection of Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Physiologic Factors affecting Test Results (6)

A
  1. Posture
  2. Diurnal Rhythm
  3. Exercise
  4. Diet
  5. Stress
  6. Diet
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2
Q

Large molecules that cannot filter into the tissues (3)

A
  1. Protein
  2. Cholesterol
  3. Iron
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3
Q

Refers to daily body fluid fluctuations that occur with some constituents of blood

A

Diurnal Rhythm

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4
Q

Higher in the morning (3)

A
  1. Cortisol
  2. TSH
  3. Iron
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5
Q

Lower in the morning (1)

A
  1. Eosinophils
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6
Q

What can exercise increase? (7)

A
  1. Creatinine
  2. Total Protein
  3. Creatinine Kinase
  4. Myoglobin
  5. Aspartate Aminotransferase
  6. HDL-Cholesterol
  7. WBC Count
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7
Q

What can cause a temporary increase in WBC count in children?

A

Anxiety and Excessive Crying

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8
Q

Smoking can cause?

A

Increased WBC / Cortisol

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9
Q

Long term smoking can cause?

A

Decrease Pulmonary Function

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10
Q

Decreased pulmonary Function can result to?

A

Increased Hemoglobin

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11
Q

Under fasting the exception of water is only for how many hours before a blood draw?

A

8-12 hours

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12
Q

If patient has eaten recently there is temporary increase in?

A

Glucose and Lipid

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13
Q

What is increased lipids that can cause turbidity called?

A

Lipemia

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14
Q

Used to provide a barrier against venous blood flow to help locate vein?

A

Tourniquet

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15
Q

Tourniquet should be applied _____ above the veni site

A

3-4 inches

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16
Q

Order of Draw?

A
  1. Yellow
  2. Blue
  3. Red
  4. Green
  5. Lavender
  6. Gray
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17
Q

Blood specimens for serum testing must be allowed to clot first for _____ prior to centri

A

30-60 mins

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18
Q

Clot activators include ____ or ____ that activates ________ and ______

A

Glass or Silica Particles
F7 and Thrombin

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19
Q

Removes calcium by forming insoluble calcium salts (3)

A
  1. EDTA
  2. Citrate
  3. Oxalate
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20
Q

Prevents clotting by binding to antithrombin and inhibiting thrombin

A

Heparin

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21
Q

This inhibits metabolism of glucose by blood cells and what is the color of the tube?

A

Anti-glycolytic Agent / Gray

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22
Q

Most frequently used anti-glycolytic agent?

A

Sodium Fluoride

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23
Q

An inert material that undergoes a temporary change in Viscosity

A

Gel Separator

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24
Q

_____ the gauge number, the _______ the bore

A

Smaller / Larger

25
Q

Most common needle size for adult veni?

A

21 gauge

26
Q

Useful in collecting specimens for children or older patients

A

Winged Blood Collection Set

27
Q

Useful in collecting specimens for children or older patients

A

Winged Blood Collection Set

28
Q

Most common skin antiseptic

A

70% Isopropyl Alcohol

29
Q

For Blood Culture, What is included in the 2-step procedure?

A
  1. 30-60 secs rub with alcohol
  2. 1%-10% Povidone-Iodine pads
30
Q

Whare is the most common site for venipuncture?

A

Antecubital Fossa

31
Q

2 Anatomical Patterns of veins

A
  1. H Pattern
  2. M Pattern
32
Q

Veins under H pattern?

A
  1. Median Cubital Vein
  2. Cephalic Vein
  3. Basilic Vein
33
Q

Veins under M Pattern

A
  1. Median
  2. Accessory Cephalic Vein
  3. Basilic Vein
34
Q

Why is Basilic Vein the last choice?

A

Closest to brachial artery

35
Q

What finger do you use to palpate vein?

A

Index

36
Q

Ratio of blood to anticoagulant?

A

9:1

37
Q

Gauge for children?

A

22-23

38
Q

Complications (10)

A
  1. Ecchymosis
  2. Hematoma
  3. Fainting
  4. Hemoconcentration
  5. Hemolysis
  6. Petechiae
  7. Allergies
  8. Nerve Damage
  9. Seizures
  10. Vomiting
39
Q

Leakage of small amount of blood in tissue around puncture site

A

Ecchymosis

40
Q

Leakage of large amount of blood around the puncture site causes the area to rapidly swell

A

Hematoma

41
Q

What does CLSI not recommend to use for the revival of patients ?

A

Ammonia

42
Q

Increased concentration of cells, larger molecules and analytes in the blood

A

Hemoconcentration

43
Q

Rupture of red cells with consequent escape of Hgb

A

Hemolysis

44
Q

Small red spots indicating small amounts of blood have escaped into the skin

A

Petechiae

45
Q

Symptoms of Nerve Damage?

A
  1. Sharp Pain
  2. Tingling
  3. Numbness in the arm
46
Q

Venipuncture in Special Situations (5)

A
  1. Edema
  2. Obesity
  3. Burned, Damaged, Scarred and Occluded veins
  4. IV Theraphy
  5. Mastectomy Patients
47
Q

Technique of choice to obtain blood specimen from newborn and pediatric patients

A

Skin Puncture

48
Q

Skin puncture is for what type of patients? (3)

A
  1. Adults that are severely burned
  2. Obese Patients
  3. Elderly Patients with Fragile Veins
49
Q

Blood from skin puncture closely resembles ______

A

Arterial Blood

50
Q

This can increase blood flow sevenfold

A

Warming Site

51
Q

Heel warmer or Warm washcloth temperature and time

A

<42°C / 3-5 mins

52
Q

Povidone-Iodine in skin puncture can cause?

A

False Increase (K+, P & Uric Acid)

53
Q

Puncture site of Skin Puncture for Heel

A

Lateral Side of Heel / Medial Side of Heel

54
Q

Heel puncture depth

A

<2 mm deep

55
Q

Bone infection from heel puncturr

A

Osteomyelitis

56
Q

Do Not puncture _____ ,_____ , _____ area

A
  1. Swollen
  2. Bruised
  3. Infected
57
Q

Do not perform skin puncture in patients with?

A
  1. Edema
  2. Dehydration
  3. Poor peripheral circulation
58
Q

Order of Draw for Skin Punture

A
  1. Blood Gas Analysis
  2. Slides
  3. EDTA
  4. Other tubes
  5. Serum Tubes
59
Q

Reasons for Specimen Rejection (8)

A
  1. Unmatched form and label
  2. Unlabeled Tube
  3. Hemolyzed Sample
  4. Wrong collection time
  5. Wrong Tube used
  6. Clotted specimen
  7. Contaminated with intravenous fluid
  8. Lipemic Sample

HEMA LAB (9 decks)

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