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Year2 GI Exam II > Esophageal disorders, Darrow 12/9 > Flashcards

Esophageal disorders, Darrow 12/9 Flashcards

1
Q

Transfer (oropharyngeal) dysphagia

A

problem with food getting from mouth to esophagus

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2
Q

causes or oropharyngeal dysphagia

A

parkinsons, stroke, corticobulbar problems

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3
Q

Tx for oropharyngeal dysphagia

A

thickening agents

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4
Q

what is transmit dysphagia

A

problem getting food though esophagus to stomach

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5
Q

Causes of dysphagia for solids AND liquids

A

scleroderma
achalasia
diffuse esophageal spasm “corkscrew”

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6
Q

causes of dysphagia for solids only (mechanical)

A

carcinoma
rink (Schatski’s) / webs
eosinophilic esophagitis
peptic stricture

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7
Q

mid or upper esophageal webs are assoc with what?

A 
congenital conditions
epidermylosis bullosa
GVHD
pephigus
pephigoid
Plummer Vinson syndrome
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8
Q

Sx eosinophlic esophagitis

A

GERD - food impaction

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9
Q

Hx eosinophilic esophagitis

A

allergies/atopy-peripheral eosinophilia

Tx eosinophilic esophagitis

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10
Q

Tx eosinophilic esophagitis

A

swallowed fluticasone

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11
Q

birds beak

A

achalasia

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12
Q

path of achalasia

A

elevated LES and the intraesophageal P > gastric P
decreased neurons in myenteric plexus probably by NO producing inhibitory neurons that effect relazation of esophageal smooth mm

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13
Q

what is pseudoachalasia

A

chagas, reduviid or kissing bug

usually presents first with megacolon

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14
Q

area that SCC of esophagus

A

middle

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15
Q

risk factors SCC of esophagus

A

ETOH, smoking, HPV, nitrates, lye, achalasia, hot liquids, tylosis and PV syndrome

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16
Q

what are risk factors for adenocarcinoma of esophagus

A

GERD, Barretts and obesity

17
Q

low TIBC what type of anemia?

A

anemia of chronic disease

18
Q

anemia of chronic disease with increased Urinary sodium omsolality
most likely?

A

SIADH

19
Q

anemia, thrombocytopenia, SIADH, esophageal achalasia

most likely find on bx

A

SCC

20
Q

markers for sCC

A 
CAM5.2
thyroid transcription factor 1
chromogranin A
CD56
anti Hu/ANNA-1
21
Q

role of ANNA1 Ab

A

destroy myenteric plexus, stimulating achalasia

22
Q

what is ddx for folliculitis in HIV patient

A 
staph
gram -
pityrosporum
eosinophilic
traumatic
pesudomonal
23
Q

what is trichophyton rubrum

A

hyperkeratosis on fingernails

24
Q

HIv patient with fever, confusion, cough, dyspnea, dyspepsia, odynophagia, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, blurred vision and weight loss
CD4 48
most likely causes of dysphagia and odynophagia

A

esophagitis

  • GERD with peptic stricture
  • pills
  • infections: herpease, candida, CMV
25
Q

organs affected by CMV in HIV patient

A

CNS, lung, colon, retina

26
Q

owl eyes

A

CMV

27
Q

Tx for CMV infection

A

ganciclovir & steroids!

28
Q

the “A” Sx of Addison disease

A 
anorezia weight loss
asthenia weakness
arterial hypotension and fatigue
abdominal pain with N, V, D
anxiety and personality change
aglycemia and anatremia
aching muscles
apigmentation
axillary areolar and anal pigmentation
29
Q

red wale sign

A

esophageal varices

30
Q

infectious causes of chronic gastritis

A

H pylori
H heilmannie, mycobacterium, syphillis, histoplasmosis, mucormycosis, blastomycosis, anisakiasis
stronglyoides, schistosomiasis, diphyllobothrium, CMV and HSV

31
Q

noninfectious causes chronic gastritis

A 
autoimmune
chemical (NSAIDs, ASA, bile reflux)
uremic
crohns, sarcoid, wegenrs, CGD, eosinophilic granuloma
lymphocytic 
eosinophilic
radiation
GVDH
ischemic
32
Q

what is dermopathy

A

vitiligo with CD8 T cells and Ab to tyrosinase

may be assoc with automimune thyroid disease, Addisons, PA, sKE

33
Q

Ddx macrocytosis

A 
megaloblastic anemia
elevated reticulocyte count
alcohol
liver disease
hypothyroidism
myelodysplastic and myelophthisic anemia
COPD
34
Q

what are common causes megaloblastic anemias

A

includes B12 and folate deficiency, homocystinuria, antimetabolite drugs, AZT, hydroxyuria

Year2 GI Exam II (18 decks)

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