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Internal Medicine > Esophageal disorders > Flashcards

Esophageal disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Caused by backflow of gastric acid and contents into the esophagus

A

GERD

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2
Q

Barrier incompetence

A 
Anti-cholinergics
B-adrenergics
Aminophylline
Nitrates
Calcium channel blockers
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3
Q

CMV infxn tx

A

Gancyclovir

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4
Q

Most common esophageal diverticulum

A

Zenker’s diverticulum

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5
Q

Diverticulum in posterior hypopharyngeal wall

A

Zenker’s diverticulum

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6
Q

Bird’s beak

A

Achalasia

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7
Q

Esophageal body loses peristaltic contractions

A

Achalasia

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8
Q

LES does not relax

A

Achalasia

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9
Q

Loss of intramural neurons

A

Achalasia

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10
Q

Metaplasia

A

Barretts esophagus

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11
Q

Viral

A

HSV
VZV
CMV

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12
Q

Immunocompromised

A

Candida

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13
Q

Eosinophilic invasion

A

Eotaxin-3

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14
Q

Drug-induced cardiomyopathy

A

Doxurubicin

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15
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Cyclophosphamide

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16
Q

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Perioheral neuropathy

A

Cisplatin

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17
Q

Corrosive that is more dangerous because of deeper penetration

A

Alkali

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18
Q

Pill-induced esophagitis

A

NSAIDs
KCL
FeSO4
Tetracyclines

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19
Q

Most common site of zenker’s diverticulum and perforation

A

Killian’s triangle

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20
Q

Hypopharyngeal webs
Iron deficiency anemia
Atrophic Glossitis

A

Plummer-vinson syndrome

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21
Q

Ring in Lower esophageal ring

A

Schatzki ring

22
Q

Spontaneous rupture from forceful retching

A

Boerhaave’s syndrome

23
Q

Linear mucosal tear near GEJ assoc with retching or vomiting and alcoholics

A

Mallory-weiss syndrome

24
Q

Most common site of Mallory-weiss tear

A

GEJ

25
Q

Portal HPN

A

Esophageal varices

26
Q

Pre-sinusoidal obstruction

A

Schistosomiasis

27
Q

Post-sinusoidal obstruction

A

Budd-chiari syndrome

28
Q

Hepatic vein thrombosis

Ascitis

A

Budd-chiari syndrome

29
Q

Best method for dx and active bleeding tear

A

Endoscopy

30
Q

H.pylori

A

Peptic ulcer disease

31
Q

Urease producing organism

A

H.pylori

32
Q

Block prostaglandin synthesis, impairing mucosal defense and repair

A

NSAIDs

33
Q

Most common cause of UGIB

A

PUD

34
Q

PUD causes

A

H.pylori

NSAIDs

35
Q

Burning epigastric pain exacerbated by fasting improved with meals

A

PUD

36
Q 
Unclean food
Unclean water
Poor education
Exposure
Sanitation
Economic status
A

Risk factors of PUD

37
Q

Associated with malignancy

A

Gastric ulcer

38
Q

Pain precipitated by intake of food

A

Gastric ulcer

39
Q

Pain occurs 1.5 H after meal, relieved by antacids or food

A

Duodenal ulcer

40
Q

Pain wakes patient at night 12mn- 3am

A

Duodenal ulcer

41
Q

Punched out defect

A

Duodenal ulcer

42
Q

Heaped up margins

A

Gastric ulcer

43
Q

Portion of duodenal ulcer located

A

First portion of duodenum

44
Q

Located w/n 3cm of pylorus

A

Duodenal ulcer

45
Q

Ranitidine

Famotidine

A

H2 receptor antagonist

46
Q

Recommended tx for PUD

A

PPI
Omeprazole
Esomeprazole

47
Q

Cryoprotective agents

A

Sucralfate

Bismuth citrate

48
Q

Bismuth side effect

A

Black colored stool

49
Q

Misoprostol

A

PGE-1

50
Q

Combination therapy

H.pylori eradication

A

PPI
AMOXICILLIN
CLARITHROMYCIN

Internal Medicine (7 decks)

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