Alzheimers

Question 1

Most common cause of dementia

Answer 1

Alzheimers disease

Question 2

Development of forgetfulness

Answer 2

Gradual

Question 3

Remote memories are preserved

Recent memories are lost

Answer 3

Ribot’s law of memory

Question 4

Forgetting words, esp proper name then gradually impaired speech fluency

Answer 4

Dysnomia

Question 5

Repeats question before answering

Gradually repeating words

Answer 5

Echolalia

Question 6

Impaired calculations

Answer 6

Acalulianor dyscalculi

Question 7

Getting lost in familiar places

Answer 7

Visuospatial disorientation

Question 8

Forgets to use common object

Answer 8

Ideational and locomotor apraxia

Question 9

Test for alzheimers disease

Answer 9

NINCDS- ADRDA

Question 10

Protein related to alzheimers disease

Answer 10

Amyloid precursor protein

Question 11

Amyloid precursor protein gives rise to:

Answer 11

Beta secretase

Alpha secretase

Question 12

Toxic to brain from cleavage of B secretase by cleavage of y-secretase

Answer 12

AB 42

Question 13

Excess production leads to deposition in brain

Answer 13

Plaques

Question 14

Excess production leads to hyperphosphorylation of neural microtubule or tau proteins

Answer 14

Neurofibrillary tangles

Question 15

Earliest and most severe degeneration

Answer 15

Medial temporal lobe ( entorhinal/perirhinal cortex & hippocampus)

Question 16

Symmetrical 3rd and lateral ventricle enlargement

Answer 16

Hydrocephalus ex vacuo

Question 17

Widespread loss of nerve cells

Answer 17

Extreme atrophy of hippocampus

Question 18

In alzheimers disease, ACH is increased or decreased?

Answer 18

Decreased ACH in alzheimers disease

Question 19

Diffuse brain atrophy

Answer 19

Frontal, temporal, parietal lobe

Question 20

Protein amyloid core surrounded y degenerating nerve terminal

Answer 20

Neuritic plaques

Question 21

Soluble amyloid species

Early toxic molecule

Answer 21

Oligomers

Question 22

Most evident in pyramidal layer

Answer 22

Granulovacular degeneration

Question 23

Decreased cholineacetyltransferase

Loss of nucleus basalis of Meynert

Answer 23

Acetylcholine

Question 24

Mutation in APP gene (in chromosome 21)

Answer 24

Familial Alzheimers disease

Question 25

Alzheimers disease gene related to down syndrome

Answer 25

Presenelin 1 & 2

PS-1 & PS-2

Question 26

Most important genetic risk factor

Answer 26

Apolipoprotein E4 ( in chromosome 9)

Question 27

MRI & CT SCAN

Answer 27

Useful but not definitive

Question 28

Triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus

Answer 28

Gait disturbances
Cognitive impairment
Impaired bladder control

Question 29

3 Anticholinesterase drugs

Answer 29

Donezil
Rivastigmine
Galantine

Question 30

NMDA Antagonist

Answer 30

Memantine