Equipment Flashcards
What are the two main types of radar systems?
- Primary, non-cooperative
- Secondary, cooperative
Can the a/c see on which radial of the NDB it’s flying towards the NDB?
No, a NDB is a Non Directional Beacon. You can only see where the NDB is relative from the a/c.
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a VLF (Very Low Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 3-30KHz
Wavelength 100km-10km
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a LF (Low Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 30-300KHz
Wavelength: 10km-1km
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a MF (Medium Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 300KHz-3MHz
Wavelength: 1km-100m
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a HF (High Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 3-30MHz
Wavelength: 100m-10m
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a VHF (Very High Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 30-300MHz
Wavelength: 10m-1m
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a UHF (Ultra High Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 300MHz-3GHz
Wavelength: 1m-10cm
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a SHF (Super High Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 3-30GHz
Wavelength: 10cm-1cm
What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a EHF (Extremely High Frequency)
Frequency spectrum: 30-300GHz
Wavelength: 1cm-1mm
What information does the Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) provide you with?
The identifier code and the Altitude
What VHF frequency range is utilized for radio communication?
118.0MHz - 136.975 MHz
What are the 7 central minimum factors that are included in the ATIS?
Runway(s) in use, Wind, Visibility, Weather, Clouds, Temperature, Dew point, Atmospheric Pressure
At what frequency do the VOR and the ILS operate, and how do they overcome their overlap
VOR: 108 - 117.975MHz
ILS: 108 - 112 MHz
They overcome it by leaving the leaving the even decimals for the VOR, and odd decimals for the ILS
What is the spacing used between VHF radio frequencies?
8.33 kHz, which used to be 25 kHz
How many different squawk codes can a mode A and/or mode C transponder squawk?
4096
At what frequency does a SSR transmit an interrogation to a transponder? And at what frequency does the transponder send a signal back?
1030 MHz from SSR to transponder
1090 MHz from transponder to SSR
What is the purpose of a SELCAL datalink system?
Relieve the pilots from listening to static HF noise for a long time, by alerting the pilots when ATC is “calling” them
What is the frequency band of VHF RT?
118.0 MHz - 136.975 MHz
8,33 KHz spacing
What are the 3 types of messages that can be send via ACARS?
ATC - Air Traffic Control
AOC - Aeronautical Operational Control
AAC - Airline Administrative Control
Can ADS-B send the a/c GPS position without interogation?
Yes, the squitter sends continuesly.
Is ADS-B only used by Aircraft?
No also for vehicles on an aerodrome
What do the letter of ADS-B stand for?
Automatic - always on
Dependant - system relies upon very accurate GNSS navigation data
Surveillance - Provides aircraft position, heading, speed, altitude, identification and other data
Broadcast - No interrogation required. Data broadcast to any ADS-B station / receiver.
What are the aircraft requirements for ADS-B?
GPS navigation capability
Mode-S transponder
Avionics capable of providing correct data
Correct connections between the three
What are the three ADS-C types contracts?
Periodic - time interval (for example weather data)
Demand - only once
Event - everytime the event takes place
How many aircraft can a DME provide with distance info at the same time?
Approximately 200 aircraft
(checked with Anders)
What is the frequency band of a NDB?
190 - 1750 kHz
Which safety layers can be added to an ATC workstation
STCA
MTCD
MSAW
APW
With attenuation of a radio wave, what is decreasing? The wavelength, amplitude or frequency?
The amplitude decreases but the wavelength and frequency remain unchanged.
What is diurnal variation?
The height of the Ionosphere changes throughout the day, it lowers during the day.
With a PSR what is Pulse Repitition Frequency [PRF] & Pulse Repitition Interval [PRI]
PRF: Number of pulses transmitted in a second
PRI: Time available for both transmitting, receiving and “deadtime”
If a SSR iterogates an a/c with two pulses 21 microseconds apart, what kind of request is it?
Mode C request
Spacing between pulses for Mode A is 8,5 microseconds
What does F.R.U.I.T. stand for?
False Replies Un-synchronised In Time
What are the four components of a FMS?
Flight Manager Computer (FMC)
Automatic Flight Control (AFCS) - Generally the autopilot
Aircraft Navigation System
Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)
What are the four types of responses an aircrew can give to ATC?
WILCO
UNABLE
STANDBY
ATC message (free text)
How many different unique codes can be generated within use of Mode S?
24 bit address: more than 16,75 million codes.
What where the two implementation stages of SSR Mode S in Europe?
Elementary Surveillance (ELS): Only 24 bit code / call sign
Enhanced Surveillance (EHS): Selected heading, speeds, selected altitude reporting in 25ft intervals
When no flight plan is filed, what does the mode S transponder report?
Aircraft registration
What reference is used for the transmission of vertical position data by mode C?
standard ICAO atmosphere pressure 1013.25 hPa
