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ATC Basic Theory > ATM > Flashcards

ATM Flashcards

1
Q

Which four services does Air Traffic Service (ATS) provide?

A

Flight Information Service (FIS)
Alerting Service (ALRS)
Air Traffic Advisory Service (ADVS)
Air Traffic Control Service (ATC)

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2
Q

What is the definition/objective of ATC?

A
  • Prevent collisions between aircraft
  • Pprevent collisions between aircraft on the maneuvering area and obstructions on that area
  • Expedite and maintain an orderly flow of air traffic
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3
Q

What is the definition/objective of FIS?

A

Give advice and information useful for the safe and
efficient conduct of flights.

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4
Q

What is the definition/objective of ALRS?

A

Notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid, and assists such organizations as required.

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5
Q

What is the definition/objective of ADVS?

A

A service provided within advisory airspace to ensure separation, in so far as practical, between aircraft which are operating on IFR flight plans.

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6
Q

Which three parts/units can ATC be subdivided in?

A

TWR - Aerodrome control service
APP - Approach control service
ACC - Area control service

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7
Q

Which three methods of separation can be applied by ATC services?

A

Procedural separation - based on position information from pilot
Surveillance separation - based on aircraft position indications (e.g. radar)
Visual separation - based on visual observation by TWR

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8
Q

Which airspace classes are controlled?
And which are uncontrolled?

A

Controlled: A, B, C, D and E
Uncontrolled: F, G

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9
Q

In which airspace classes is ATC service provided to IFR flights?
And in which airspace classes is ATC service provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: A, B, C, D and E
VFR: B, C, D

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10
Q

In which airspace class is VFR prohibited?

A

Class A airspace

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11
Q

In class A airspace:
- what kind of separation is provided to IFR flights?
- what kind of separation is provided to VFR flights?

A

All IFR flights are seperated from eachother
No VFR Allowed

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12
Q

In class B airspace:
- what kind of separation is provided to IFR flights?
- what kind of separation is provided to VFR flights?

A

All flights are seperated from eachother

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13
Q

In class C airspace:
- what kind of separation is provided to IFR flights?
- what kind of separation is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR:
- IFR from IFR
- IFR from VFR

VFR:
-VFR from IFR
- traffic information is provided about VFR flights

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14
Q

In class D airspace:
- what kind of separation is provided to IFR flights?
- what kind of separation is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: IFR from IFR
VFR: nil (traffic information is provided as far as practical)

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15
Q

In class E airspace:
- what kind of separation is provided to IFR flights?
- what kind of separation is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: IFR from IFR (+ traffic information about VFR as far as practical)
VFR: nil (traffic information is provided as far as practical)

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16
Q

In class F airspace:
- what kind of separation is provided to IFR flights?
- what kind of separation is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: IFR from IFR as far as practical (by means of air traffic advisory service)
VFR: Nil

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17
Q

In class G airspace:
- what kind of separation is provided to IFR flights?
- what kind of separation is provided to VFR flights?

A

No seperation is provided in class G airspace

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18
Q

In which airspace classes is an IFR flight subject to an ATC clearance?
And in which airspace classes is a VFR flight subject to an ATC clearance

A

IFR: A, B, C, D and E (controlled airspace)
VFR: B, C and D (not E)

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19
Q

In which airspace classes is continuous two-way radio communication required for IFR flights?
And in which airspace classes is continuous two-way radio communication required for VFR flights?

A

IFR: In all airspace classes
VFR: B, C, D

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20
Q

In class A and B airspace:
- What are the speed limitations for IFR flights?
- What are the speed limitations for VFR flights?

A

No speed limitations

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21
Q

In class C airspace:
- What are the speed limitations for IFR flights?
- What are the speed limitations for VFR flights?

A

IFR: no speed limitations
VFR: 250 kts IAS below 3050m (10 000ft) AMSL

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22
Q

In class D, E, F and G airspace:
- What are the speed limitations for IFR flights?
- What are the speed limitations for VFR flights?

A

IFR: 250 kts IAS below 3050m (10 000ft) AMSL
VFR: 250 kts IAS below 3050m (10 000ft) AMSL

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23
Q

In class A airspace:
- What type of service is provided to IFR flights?
- What type of service is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: ATC
VFR: none (VFR is not allowed in class A)

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24
Q

In class B airspace:
- What type of service is provided to IFR flights?
- What type of service is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: ATC
VFR: ATC

25
Q

In class C airspace:
- What type of service is provided to IFR flights?
- What type of service is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: ATC

VFR:
- ATC for seperation from IFR
- Traffic information (and avoidance advice) about VFR

26
Q

In class D airspace:
- What type of service is provided to IFR flights?
- What type of service is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR:
- ATC
- traffic information (and avoidance advice) about VFR

VFR:
- traffic information (and avoidance advice) about IFR and VFR

27
Q

In class E airspace:
- What type of service is provided to IFR flights?
- What type of service is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR:
- ATC
- traffic information about VFR

VFR:
- traffic information as far as practical

28
Q

In class F airspace:
- What type of service is provided to IFR flights?
- What type of service is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR:
- air traffic advisory service (ADVS)
- flight information service (FIS)

VFR:
- flight information service (FIS)

29
Q

In class G airspace:
- What type of service is provided to IFR flights?
- What type of service is provided to VFR flights?

A

IFR: flight information service (FIS)
VFR: flight information service (FIS)

30
Q

Which two units/agencies have to be established in a Search and Rescue Region (SRR), and what are they responsible for?

A
  • Rescue Coordination Center:
    Communication with ATS, contact with vessels, contact with adjacent RCC, MET offices, rescue units, satellite centres etc.
  • Rescue Unit:
    Means of locating and assisting at the accident, with aircraft/ships/ground vehicles that are equipped with COMM, rescue personnel, survival equipment etc.
31
Q

True/false: FIS is only given as a service in areas without Air Traffic Control

A

False: FIS is given in all airspace classes (A t/m G) and ATC is usually responsible for giving FIS. However, ATC is always given priority over FIS.

32
Q

How can you close a flight plan?

A

In person
Radiotelephony
Data link to ATS unit at the destination aerodrome

33
Q

What does a controller need to do when the flight crew of an aircraft informs ATC that they have a failure or degradation of an a/c system which can affect the separation minima?

A

The controller shall take action to establish another type of separation.

34
Q

For longitudinal separation, what is the minimum time over the same point when the preceding ACFT is 20kts faster?

A

5 min

35
Q

For longitudinal separation, what is the minimum time over the same point when there are frequent position reports?

A

10 min

36
Q

What are the levels used in RVSM airspace?

A

FL290 - FL410 (inclusive), 1000 ft vert separation

37
Q

Procedural vertical separation. What are the 3 exepctions for when an a/c can not be cleared to a previous occupied level that has been reported vacating by another a/c?

A

Severe turbulence known to exist
Higher a/c effecting cruise climb (is slow climbing)
Difference in performance such that separation may be lost

38
Q

If the preceding a/c is Mach .03 faster, what is the needed time separation?

A

8 min

39
Q

How can two a/c be lateral separated when making use of a VOR?

A

At lease one a/c is 15 NM from VOR
Other a/c is on a radial that differs at least 15 degrees

40
Q

When can an departing a/c be identified using PSR?

A

By correlating an observed radar position indication with an a/c which is known to have just departed, identification is established within 1 NM from the end of the runway used.

41
Q

Using the turn method for PSR identification, what is the minimum change in heading?

A

30 degrees

42
Q

What are the three stages of the SSR identification procedure?

A

General location of a SSR response or position which is POSSIBLY the a/c concerned
Application of an approved identification method to a SSR response or position symbol which is PROBABLY the a/c concerned
POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION of the a/c after completion of one or more of the approved identification methods

43
Q

What are procedures to use for identification of an a/c where SSR, ADS-B or MLAT is used?

A
  • Recognition of the a/c identification (call sign) in the label, when a discrete code is assigned.
  • Direct recognition of a Mode S equipped a/c in label
  • By transfer of identification
  • Set a specific code
  • Squawk IDENT
44
Q

What info is included in the first call an a/c makes to an ATC unit?

A
  • Designation of the station being called
  • Call sign (if applicable the word “Heavy”
  • Level, or if climbing /descending the passing level and cleared level
  • Speed, if assigned by ATC
  • Additional elements, as required by the appropriate ATS authority
45
Q

What info shall the controller give the a/c when terminating vectoring?

A
  • Instruct the pilot to resume own navigation
  • Give the pilot the a/c position and appropriate instructions if the current instructions have diverted the a/c from a previously assigned route
46
Q

If your transponder does not work on the a/c, do you still have a TCAS alert?

A

No, TCAS is working with transponder signals.

47
Q

What is proximity traffic on TCAS?

A

Any target within 6 NM and within 1200 ft (filled diamond)

48
Q

Below how many ft are all spoken messages inhibited within TCAS?

A

Below 500 ft AGL

49
Q

Which messages are inhibited below 1450 ft AGL for TCAS?

A

RA: “Increase Descent”

50
Q

When is the RA: “Descent” message inhibited?

A

Below 1100 ft AGL

51
Q

Is there a moment when all RA are inhibited?

A

Yes, below 1000 ft AGL

52
Q

What are the 3 levels of Air Space Management with FUE?

A

Level 1 - Strategic ASM; national policy and structures
Level 2 - Pre-tactical ASM; Day to day allocation of airspace
Level 3 - Tactical ASM; Real time use of airspace

53
Q

Can Permanent ATS routes have different base levels depending on time of day?

A

Yes! But these routes are not part of FUA structure.

54
Q

What is the difference between Danger, Restricted and Prohibited areas?

A

Danger: activites dangerous to flight (aerobatics, parachuting, etc)
Restricted: flight restricted in accordance with specified conditions (artillery firing, aerial gunnery, mil flight training)
Prohibited: Flight prohibited (national security areas)

55
Q

What are the three levels of activation of Temporary Segregated Areas (TSA)?

A

Published Hours: established at level 1; max possible activation time and published in AIP or by NOTAM
Planned Hours: Decided at level 2; planned user time within published hours, published as Airspace User Plan (AUP)
Real Activation Times: Activated at Level 3; actual user time within planned hours; ATC operations

56
Q

What are the categories of Conditional Routes (CDR)?

A

Category 1: permanently plannable during times published in AIP
Category 2: non-permanently plannable; typically through FUA that is seldom available to GAT, made available for flight planning at least 1 day in advance, allocated for use at ASM level 2, published in daily AUP
Category 3: Non-plannable; typically through FUA that is seldom available to GAT, made available on short notice (less than 1 day in advance), allocated fur use at ASM Level 3 (ATC units)

57
Q

When 2 a/c are separated lateral over a Dead reckoning point, can one of the a/c be inboud?

A

No, dead reckoning can only be used when both A/C are outbound from the point.

58
Q

An AFTM service shall be implemented…

A

Where traffic demand at times exceeds the defined ATC capacity

ATC Basic Theory (12 decks)

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