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Parasitology > Equine Insects > Flashcards

Equine Insects Flashcards

1
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Common Name

A

Bot fly larvae or instars

Bot fly

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2
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Hosts

A

Equine

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3
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Identification

A

Adults: large flies, 18mm long, irregular dark transverse bands on the wings
L3 or instars: red with 2 rows of coarse spines blunted on ends (G. intestinalis) or yellow with 1 row of spines on each segment (G. nasalis)

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4
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Life Cycle

A

ELPA.
Egg hatches to 1st instar→in oral cavity devel. to 2nd instar→ swallowed and devel. to 3rd instar→ pass in feces and pupate→ adult

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5
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Site of Infection

A

Eggs on hair of forelegs and shoulders (G. intestinalis) or intermandibular area (G. nasalis)
3rd instars attach in clusters in non-glandular part of the stomach near margo plicatus and cardiac region (G. intestinalis) or duodenal ampulla (G. nasalis)

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6
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Adult flies cause an annoyance

Attached instars provoke an inflammatory reaction

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7
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Clinical Signs

A

Fly worry

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8
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Diagnosis

A

Differentiate bases on color, spines and location in host

Seen during gastroscopy

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9
Q

Gasterophilus spp.-Treatment and Prevention

A

Manual removal of eggs

Endoparasiticides for larval stages

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10
Q

Musca autumnalis-Common Name

A

Face fly

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11
Q

Musca autumnalis-Hosts

A

Equine

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12
Q

Musca autumnalis-Identification

A

Adults: 5.5-7.5mm, mouthparts adapted to sponging, sticky hairs on pad-like structures at end of legs
Eggs: 1mm long and banana-shaped

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13
Q

Musca autumnalis-Life Cycle

A

ELPA

Eggs devel. to larvae (maggots)→ 3 larval instars→ pupae→ adult

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14
Q

Musca autumnalis-Site of Infection

A

Feed on face secretions and on wounds

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15
Q

Musca autumnalis-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Source of annoyance

Mechanical transmission of viruses, bacteria, helminths and protozoa

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16
Q

Musca autumnalis-Clinical Signs

A

Annoyance can lead to decreased grazing and drop in performance
Eye disorders and conjunctivitis

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17
Q

Musca autumnalis-Diagnosis

A

Fly identification

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18
Q

Musca autumnalis-Treatment and Prevention

A

Face screens

Insecticides

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19
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Common Name

A

Stable fly, biting housefly

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20
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Hosts

A

Most animals, including humans

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21
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Identification

A

Adults: 5.5-7.5mm, mouthparts are rigid, conspicuous and forward projecting
Eggs: 1 mm, banana-shaped, creamy white

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22
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Life Cycle

A

ELPA
Feeds on blood
Requires 3 mins per blood meal
Females lay eggs on decaying matter such as damp hay

23
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Site of Infection

A

General

24
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Attack animals on warm days
Transmit disease organisms
Bite is painful

25
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Clinical Signs

A

Increased head and ear movement, skin twitches and tail swishes

26
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Diagnosis

A

Fly identification

27
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans-Treatment and Prevention

A

Screens, sanitation to reduce breeding sites, various insecticides, treat horse and environment, DO NOT treat compost

28
Q

Culicoides spp.-Common Name

A

Biting midges, “no-see-ums”

29
Q

Culicoides spp.-Hosts

A

All domestic animals and humans

30
Q

Culicoides spp.-Identification

A

Adults: 1.5-5 mm long, molted wings, short piercing proboscis

31
Q

Culicoides spp.-Life Cycle

A

ELPA.
Eggs laid in damp marshy ground→ hatch in 2-9d→ 4 larval stages→ pupatae at edge of water→ adult in 3-4d
Adult females suck blood

32
Q

Culicoides spp.-Site of Infection

A

General

33
Q

Culicoides spp.-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Annoyance, transmits viruses, helminths (Onchocerca) and protozoa

34
Q

Culicoides spp.-Clinical Signs

A

Painful bite, “queensland itch”, allergic dermatitis

35
Q

Culicoides spp.-Diagnosis

A

Id identification

36
Q

Culicoides spp.-Treatment and Prevention

A

Decrease standing water, avoid marshy pastures, treat horse with repellants/insecticides

37
Q

Tabanus spp.-Common Name

A

Horse fly, gadfly

38
Q

Tabanus spp.-Identification

A

Adults: Stout bodied fly 10-50mm, mouthparts slashing and sponging

39
Q

Tabanus spp.-Life Cycle

A

ELPA.
Eggs laid in muddy or marshy areas→ hatch in 1-2wks to sluggish larvae→ papae→ adult
Takes 4-5 mths

40
Q

Tabanus spp.-Site of Infection

A

General

41
Q

Tabanus spp.-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Painful bites, mechanical vector of anthrax, pasteurellosis, trypanosomosis, anaplasmosis and loasis

42
Q

Tabanus spp.-Clinical Signs

A

Annoyance

43
Q

Tabanus spp.-Diagnosis

A

Id fly

44
Q

Tabanus spp.-Hosts

A

Almost all animals

45
Q

Tabanus spp.-Treatment and Prevention

A

Insecticides, repellants, eliminate standing water

46
Q

Chrysops spp.-Common Name

A

Deer fly

47
Q

Chrysops spp.-Hosts

A

Almost all animals

48
Q

Chrysops spp.-Identification

A

Dark bands across wings, antennae elongate

Similar to Tabanus spp.

49
Q

Chrysops spp.-Life Cycle

A

ELPA.
Eggs laid in muddy or marshy areas→ hatch in 1-2wks to sluggish larvae→ papae→ adult
Takes 4-5 mths

50
Q

Chrysops spp.-Site of Infection

A

General

51
Q

Chrysops spp.-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Painful bites, mechanical vector of anthrax, pasteurellosis, trypanosomosis, anaplasmosis and loasis

52
Q

Chrysops spp.-Clinical Signs

A

Annoyance

53
Q

Chrysops spp.-Diagnosis

A

Id fly

54
Q

Chrysops spp.-Treatment and Prevention

A

Bite horses in shaded areas, horses will stand in sun to avoid
Insecticides/repellants

Parasitology (16 decks)

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