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Parasitology > Canine/Feline Arachnids > Flashcards

Canine/Feline Arachnids Flashcards

1
Q

Ixodes spp.-Common Name

A

I. scapularis-Black-legged tick, deer tick
I. pacificus-Western black-legged tick
I. rincinus-European sheep tick, castor bean tick
hedgehog tick, British dog tick, Australian and South African paralysis ticks

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2
Q

Ixodes spp.-Hosts

A

All mammals and birds and humans

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3
Q

Ixodes spp.-Identification

A

Adults: small (4 mm unfed, 10 mm fed), dark brown, no festoons, inornate scutum, long palps, anal groove forms an arch anterior to anus

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4
Q

Ixodes spp.-Life Cycle

A

ELNA→Three host tick
Engorged female falls off host to lay eggs in environment→ egg hatch to larva→larvae “quest” for host→attach to host, feed, and drop off→molt to nymph→on host to feed and then fall off→molts to adult→adult seeks host and feeds

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5
Q

Ixodes spp.-Site of Infection

A

Skin, especially axilla, inguinal region, face and ears

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6
Q

Ixodes spp.-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Paralysis in animals, local skin reactions, transmits Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme Disease) and Ehrlichia spp., Tick worry

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7
Q

Ixodes spp.-Diagnosis

A

Engorged females seen easily

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8
Q

Dermacentor spp.-Common Name

A

D. variabilis-American dog tick
D. andersoni-Rocky Mountain wood tick
D. albipictus-Winter or elk tick
D. nitens-Tropical horse tick

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9
Q

Dermacentor spp.-Hosts

A

Larvae and nymphs feed on small rodents.

Adults feed on dogs, large hosts and humans, will also feed on cats

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10
Q

Dermacentor spp.-Identification

A

Rectangular basis capituli, medium size (unfed 6mm, fed 15mm), short palps, ornate scutum, festoons, pale brown to gray

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11
Q

Dermacentor spp.-Life Cycle

A

ELNA→Three host tick
Engorged female falls off host to lay eggs in environment→ egg hatch to larva→larvae “quest” for host→attach to host, feed, and drop off→molt to nymph→on host to feed and then fall off→molts to adult→adult seeks host and feeds

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12
Q

Dermacentor spp.-Site of Infection

A

Skin around head and neck

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13
Q

Dermacentor spp.-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Most common tick in most of North America
Transmits Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF), tularemia and Babesia spp.
Tick paralysis

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14
Q

Dermacentor spp.-Diagnosis

A

Id of tick

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15
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus-Common Name

A

Brown dog tick or kennel tick

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16
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus-Hosts

A

Dogs and humans

Will feed on cats also

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17
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus-Identification

A

Hexagonal basis capituli, yellow-reddish-blackish brown, medium sized (5 mm unfed, 12mm fed), inornate scutum, short palps, festoons

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18
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus-Life Cycle

A

ELNA→Three host tick
*Has adapted extremely well to indoor living
Engorged female falls off host to lay eggs in environment→ egg hatch to larva→larvae “quest” for host→attach to host, feed, and drop off→molt to nymph→on host to feed and then fall off→molts to adult→adult seeks host and feeds

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19
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus-Site of Infection

A

Skin, especially between toes and ears

Larva/Nymph often at back of neck

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20
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus-Pathogenesis and Lesions/Clinical Signs

A

Most common in southern US

Transmits Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, RMSF

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21
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus-Diagnosis

A

Id of tick

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22
Q

Treatment and Prevention of all Ticks

A

Remove ticks manually

Regular application of acaricides

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23
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Common Name

A

Sarcoptic mange mite, Itch mite, Scabies mite

24
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Hosts

A

All domestic animals and humans (doesn’t reproduce and survive well on humans). Rare in cats
Highly host specific

25
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei- Identification

A

Round, 500 um, short legs, suckers on long segmented stalks differ b/w sexes

26
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Life Cycle

A

ELNA. Burrowing mite
Adult lays eggs in tunnels→ eggs hatch in 3-5d→ larvae crawl on skin surface→ larvae burrow in “molting pockets”→ nymph→ adult PPP = 17-21d.

27
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Site of Infection

A

Skin

28
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Erythema, scale and crust formation

29
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Clinical Signs

A

Starts in relatively hairless areas, lateral elbow and pinna of ear are common starting places
Lesions of follicular papules, areas of erythema, crusts of dried serum and blood and pruritus

30
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Diagnosis

A

Skin scraping but recovery of mites difficult

31
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei-Treatment and Prevention

A

MCLs are effective

Treat all pets in household→ extremely contagious

32
Q

Demodex canis-Common Name

A

Demodectic mange mite, follicle mite

33
Q

Demodex canis-Hosts

A

Dogs

34
Q

Demodex canis-Identification

A

“Cigars with legs”

35
Q

Demodex canis-Life Cycle

A

ELNA
Lives entirely in hair follicle/sebaceous glands.
Normal to find in dogs but causing problems when they proliferate too much.
Adults lay eggs→ larvae→ nymphs→ adult PPP = 2-4wk
Transmission from Bitch to pup by direct contact.

36
Q

Demodex canis-Site of Infection

A

Hair follicles and sebaceous glands

37
Q

Demodex canis-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Localized demodicosis associated with alopecia, erythema and no pruritus.
Usually in young animals
Prognosis excellent→ typically resolves on its own
Generalized demodicosis characterized by 5 or more areas of localized disease or entire body region, hair sparse, skin coarse and dry, develops “red mange”. Concomitant staphylococcal pyoderma, pustules, difficult to cure

38
Q

Demodex canis-Diagnosis

A

Deep skin scrapings and hair plucks can reveal mites
Cytology
Radiography

39
Q

Demodex canis-Treatment and Prevention

A

Amitraz (formamidine)
Antibiotics for secondary bacterial infections
Medicated shampoos

40
Q

Cheyletiella yasguri-Common Name

A

“Walking dandruff”

41
Q

Cheyletiella yasguri-Hosts

A

Dogs, humans

42
Q

Cheyletiella yasguri-Life Cycle

A

ELNA
Mites live on skin, hair and tunnel in epidermis debris
Transmission by direct contact

43
Q

Cheyletiella yasguri-Site of Infection

A

Fur and Hair

44
Q

Cheyletiella yasguri-Pathogenesis and Lesions/Clinical Signs

A

“Walking dandruff” due to walking mites

45
Q

Cheyletiella yasguri-Diagnosis

A

Excessive scurf or dandruff

Adhesive tape or scotch tape swab

46
Q

Cheyletiella yasguri-Treatment and Prevention

A

Insecticides

47
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Common Name

A

Ear Mite

48
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Hosts

A

Mostly cats

Dogs, ferrets

49
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Identification

A

500 um, long legs, suckers on short unsegmented stalks differ b/w sexes, copious dark cerumen observed

50
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Site of Infection

A

Ears

51
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Pathogenesis and Lesions

A

Dry, waxy, parchmentlike material in ears with large number of mites, secondary infections resulting in otitis externa

52
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Clinical Signs

A

Frequent head shaking

53
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Diagnosis

A

Behavior of animal, exudate in ear canal, mites on slide

54
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Treatment and Prevention

A

Several remedies

55
Q

Otodectes cynotis-Life Cycle

A

ELNA
Transmission by contact with infected animals
Feeds on epidermal debris and tissue fluid from superficial epidermis

Parasitology (16 decks)

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