Equine Infectious Anemia Flashcards
what viral family does EIA belong to
retroviridae
what type of virus is EIA
RNA
enveloped
true or false:
This virus can cause latent or chronic infection with no chance for vaccine due to high mutation rates
true
true or false:
This virus can cause latent or chronic infection with no chance for vaccine due to high mutation rates
true
what is the common name for EIA
swamp fever
how is EIA transmitted
blood-feeding insects (mechanical vectors)
what is the most common blood-feeding insect to transmit EIA
stable fly
when would you expect to see more cases of equine infectious anemia
summer and fall
true or false:
equine infectious anemia can be spread iatrogenically through dirty needles and instruments
true
true or false:
infected EIA animals are safe to donate blood
false
EIA stays in the blood and is transmittable
how can a mare give EIA to the foal
placenta
milk
where does the virus persist in the body for life
leukocytes
which type of infected animal is more likely to transmit EIA
animals showing signs
what are the 4 stages of EIA
acute
acute cases transforming into subacute
recovered
chronic
what are the clinical signs of an acute stage EIA
fever
weakness
severe anemia
jaundice
blood stained feces
tachypnea
petechial hemorrhage
true false:
80% of acute EIA cases are fatal
true
what are the clinical signs of chronic EIA disease
failure to thrive
episodic
persistent fever
cachexia anemia
ventral edema
what does the virus have tropism for
macrophages and lymphocytes
what can often be seen in cases of EIA
anemia
thrombocytopenia
how does EIA cause an immunopathology
vasculitis and glomerulonephritis caused by immune complexes
what test is used to test for EIA
Coggins
what type of test is a Coggins test
immunodiffusion
what tests are used for EIA
Coggins
antibody ELISA
true or false:
Coggins and antibody ELISA always give the most accurate diagnostics
false
false negatives can happen in the early stages
what test can be used to detect proviral EIA DNA
PCR
