equine distincitons

Question 1

Rest until full recovery is important to prevent relapses.

Answer 1

Equine influenza

Question 2

Vaccinate pregnant mares at 5th, 7th, and 9th month so they don’t abort

Answer 2

Rhinopneumonitis or Equine Herpes Virus (EHV)

Question 3

Nosocomial origin

Answer 3

Salmonellosis

Question 4

clinical signs are usually neurologic

Answer 4

West Nile Virus

Question 5

• The virus is found in:
  • Blood
  • Semen
  • Tissues

Answer 5

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):

Question 6

Plasma transfusion if hypoprotienemia is present.

Answer 6

Salmonellosis

Question 7

revaccination required every 2 to 3 months for horses at risk for infection

Answer 7

Equine influenza

Question 8

Death: death rate is 19% to 90%.

Answer 8

Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness

Question 9

Some states may require euthanasia if the horse is diagnosed with this virus. If not euthanized, the horse must be isolated for the rest of its life.

Answer 9

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):

Question 10

Mortality rate in horses 30% to 40%.

Answer 10

West Nile Virus

Question 11

Crows, Jays, Humans and Horses are dead end hosts.

Answer 11

West Nile Virus

Question 12

I.V. fluid therapy: balanced electrolyte solutions such as LRS.

Answer 12

Salmonellosis

Question 13

Exercise for brief periods to keep blood and lymph circulating so their bodies can help fight the virus on its own

Answer 13

Rhinopneumonitis or Equine Herpes Virus (EHV)

Question 14

Antibiotics will make it worse!

Answer 14

Salmonellosis

Question 15

transmitted by aquatic insects.

Answer 15

Potomac Horse Fever

Question 16

transmitted by dirty needles

Answer 16

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):

Question 17

Infection is more frequent in the winter and spring

Answer 17

Equine influenza

Question 18

this causes decreased gut sounds

Answer 18

Potomac Horse Fever

Question 19

for treatment, you can admin fluids and feed slurries if dysphagic.

Answer 19

Strangles or Equine Distemper

Question 20

Horse and people are “dead-end” hosts.

Answer 20

Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness

Question 21

transmitted by arthropods, usually biting flies

Answer 21

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):

Question 22

Predominantly in NE states

Answer 22

Potomac Horse Fever

Question 23

Vaccinate before mosquito season.

Answer 23

West Nile Virus

Question 24

Birds are the natural host (2)

Answer 24

• Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness

- West Nile Virus

Question 25

Most common in horses age 1-3

Answer 25

Equine influenza

Question 26

when they have this, mares may abort in late gestation.

Answer 26

Potomac Horse Fever

Question 27

this can cause swelling of the lymph nodes (i.e. under mandible and in the throat area)

Answer 27

Strangles or Equine Distemper

Question 28

diagnosis is Coggins test

Answer 28

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):

Question 29

Peak time is June to August

Answer 29

(due to insect travel)

Potomac Horse Fever

Question 30

this is caused by a Streptococcus bacteria

Answer 30

Strangles or Equine Distemper

Question 31

Increased lung sounds (2)

Answer 31

• Equine influenza (sometimes)

- Rhinopneumonitis or Equine Herpes Virus (EHV)

Question 32

Requires two vaccines 30 days apart, then given once yearly.

Answer 32

West Nile Virus

Question 33

Infected horses will always be carriers of this disease but may not show symptoms.

Answer 33

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):

Question 34

treated with Oxytetracycline

Answer 34

Potomac Horse Fever

Question 35

this is easily spread by fomites

Answer 35

Strangles or Equine Distemper

Question 36

Carried by biting insects such as mosquitos.

Answer 36

Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness

Question 37

Laminitis is a major concern with this

Answer 37

Potomac Horse Fever