equine distincitons Flashcards
Rest until full recovery is important to prevent relapses.
Equine influenza
Vaccinate pregnant mares at 5th, 7th, and 9th month so they don’t abort
Rhinopneumonitis or Equine Herpes Virus (EHV)
Nosocomial origin
Salmonellosis
clinical signs are usually neurologic
West Nile Virus
- The virus is found in:
• Blood
• Semen
• Tissues
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):
Plasma transfusion if hypoprotienemia is present.
Salmonellosis
revaccination required every 2 to 3 months for horses at risk for infection
Equine influenza
Death: death rate is 19% to 90%.
Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness
Some states may require euthanasia if the horse is diagnosed with this virus. If not euthanized, the horse must be isolated for the rest of its life.
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):
Mortality rate in horses 30% to 40%.
West Nile Virus
Crows, Jays, Humans and Horses are dead end hosts.
West Nile Virus
I.V. fluid therapy: balanced electrolyte solutions such as LRS.
Salmonellosis
Exercise for brief periods to keep blood and lymph circulating so their bodies can help fight the virus on its own
Rhinopneumonitis or Equine Herpes Virus (EHV)
Antibiotics will make it worse!
Salmonellosis
transmitted by aquatic insects.
Potomac Horse Fever
transmitted by dirty needles
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):
Infection is more frequent in the winter and spring
Equine influenza
this causes decreased gut sounds
Potomac Horse Fever
for treatment, you can admin fluids and feed slurries if dysphagic.
Strangles or Equine Distemper
Horse and people are “dead-end” hosts.
Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness
transmitted by arthropods, usually biting flies
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):
Predominantly in NE states
Potomac Horse Fever
Vaccinate before mosquito season.
West Nile Virus
Birds are the natural host (2)
- Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness
- West Nile Virus
Most common in horses age 1-3
Equine influenza
when they have this, mares may abort in late gestation.
Potomac Horse Fever
this can cause swelling of the lymph nodes (i.e. under mandible and in the throat area)
Strangles or Equine Distemper
diagnosis is Coggins test
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):
Peak time is June to August
(due to insect travel)
Potomac Horse Fever
this is caused by a Streptococcus bacteria
Strangles or Equine Distemper
Increased lung sounds (2)
- Equine influenza (sometimes)
- Rhinopneumonitis or Equine Herpes Virus (EHV)
Requires two vaccines 30 days apart, then given once yearly.
West Nile Virus
Infected horses will always be carriers of this disease but may not show symptoms.
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):
treated with Oxytetracycline
Potomac Horse Fever
this is easily spread by fomites
Strangles or Equine Distemper
Carried by biting insects such as mosquitos.
Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness
Laminitis is a major concern with this
Potomac Horse Fever
