equine clinical signs

Question 1

this disease is VERY contagious

Answer 1

salmonelloisis

Question 2

this disease is zoonotic

Answer 2

salmonelloisis

Question 3

these 2 are easily spread by fomites

Answer 3

• salmonelloisis

- Strangles or Equine Distemper

Question 4

clinical signs:

• Signs similar to colitis.
• Acute, profuse, watery, foul-smelling diarrhea.
• Fever
• Anorexia
• Often neutropenia

Answer 4

salmonellosis

Question 5

clinical signs:
• Lethargy and depression.
• Fever.
• Severe, dry cough.
• Increased lung sounds (in some cases).
• Watery nasal discharge.
• Anorexia.
• Constipation.
• Some muscle soreness.
• Infection is more frequent in the winter and spring because of:
	- Low temperatures
	- High humidity
	- It can occur year - round
• Respiratory disease
• Most common in horses age 1-3
• Found most common where there is a high movement of horses
• Passed through direct contact (air borne)
• All normal flu symptoms
Need to re vaccinate in high risk horses

Answer 5

influenza

Question 6

clinical signs:

• Severe depression – “sleeping”.
• Anorexia.
• Convulsions.
• Death: death rate is 19% to 90%.

Answer 6

Equine Encephalomyelitis or Sleeping Sickness

Question 7

clinical signs:
Usual signs of respiratory disease as well as:
- Increased lung sounds.
- Possibly swollen lymph nodes.
- Can cause abortion storms and /or respiratory signs depending on the strain

Answer 7

Rhinopneumonitis or Equine Herpes Virus (EHV)

Question 8

clinical signs:

• Fever
• Depression
• Anorexia and weight loss.
• Anemia

Answer 8

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA):

Question 9

clinical signs:

• Depression
• Anorexia
• Fever
• Decreased gut sounds.
• Some have abdominal pain and diarrhea.
• Mares may abort in late gestation.

Answer 9

Potomac Horse Fever

Question 10

clinical signs: 
• Stiff gait progressing to ataxia – incoordination 
• Restricted jaw movements.
• Prolapsed third eyelid.
• Anxious, alert expression.
• Sensitivity to sounds.
• Opisthotonous
• Death due to asphyxiation.
• Course of disease 5 to 10 days.

Answer 10

Equine Tetanus

Question 11

clinical signs: 
• Swelling of lymph nodes:
	• Under mandible.
	• In gutteral pouches.
	• In throat area. 
• Fever
• Copious, purulent nasal discharge
• Swelling and abscess formation in the lymph nodes of the head and neck.
	○ Submaxillary lymph node
	○ Submandibular lymph node
        ○ Retropharyngeal lymph node

Answer 11

Strangles or Equine Distemper

Question 12

clinical signs
- usually neurologic (weakness, tremors -
Tremors are commonly in hind end – it looks like they’re shaking from cold but mostly in hind legs).
- Mortality rate in horses 30-40%

Answer 12

West Nile Virus