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Exam 1 Form and Function > Equine Behavior > Flashcards

Equine Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

What are harems?

A

One mature breeding stallion, several mature mares and their immature offspring

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2
Q

What are bachelor bands?

A

all male non-breeding groups

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3
Q

What is the approximate weaning period of horses?

A

1-3 years

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4
Q

What is the pace of weaning? Time period?

A

Gradual; 6-12 months

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5
Q

What does it mean for foals to be precocial?

A

They can see. hear, stand, move upon birth

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5
Q

What are the average time budgets for foraging and resting?

A

Foraging 50-80%
Resting 20-30%

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6
Q

What do horses do when the weather changes?

A

Play

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7
Q

Activities are done in a ________.

A

group

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8
Q

How can horses rest?

A

lateral recumbency or standing

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9
Q

How often do horses trek to water?

A

daily or every other day, strict order

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10
Q

What is the order of horses?

A

Mare leads, stallion follows behind

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11
Q

What can foals do within one hour?

A

Stand and nurse

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12
Q

What can foals do in one day?

A

run, play, explore, groom

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13
Q

How long do foals stay close to their mom?

A

2 weeks

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14
Q

How often does nursing occur?

A

3-6 per hour

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15
Q

When do foals forage?

A

2 weeks

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15
Q

How do horses communicate visually?

A

Subtle cues

15
Q

When does the foal receive colostrum?

A

8-24 hours

16
Q

How do horses communicate with touch?

A

touch head or neck as pass

17
Q

How do horses communicate with smell?

A

breath, urine, feces, flehmen (curling lip)

18
Q

How do horses communicate with sound?

A

Long and close range vocalizations, hoof sounds

19
Q

Describe the features of a stall kept horse?

A

Isolation, On bedding, diet on grain, time budget VERY different

19
Q

Best way to pet a horse?

A

With strokes

20
Q

Describe the features of a pasture kept horse?

A

Mares act as would in harem, gelding like in lead stallion, gelding group like bachelor band

21
Q

What can happen due to artificial weaning?

A

gastriculcers

22
Q

Best practice for weaning?

A

Removing dominate mare first, the second, so forth SLOWLY

23
Q

What are the 3 M’s of treating behavior problems? 3 F’s?

A

Motivation
Management
Modification

Friends
Forage
Freedom

24
Q

Describe the law of effect.

A

Behavior with a pleasant consequence repeated
Neutral/Negative- reduced

25
Q

Classical Learning Theory is based on…

A

Emotion

26
Q

Operant Learning Theory is based on…

A

Action

27
Q

Habituation is based on…

A

Attention

28
Q

What is the result of modified flooding?

A

Potential desensitization, not likely to have long lasting effect

29
Q

What is the result of serious flooding?

A

Major interference with mare-foal bondingt

30
Q

What is the best practice for human imprinting?

A

allows mare/foal to bond, handle short periods, allow foal to come to you

31
Q

How do horses distance themselves? Most common of two?

A

Flight or fight; flight

32
Q

At what point does the fear period begin?

A

7 days

33
Q

How do we know when horses hurt?

A

Prey species SO very good at masking pain
Pain looks like fear

34
Q

What is the most common type of complaint with horse owners?

A

Behavioral which likely means environment, pain, or fear

35
Q

What is the horse grimace scale?

A

quantifier of pain in horses

36
Q

What are indicators of pain in horses?

A

Stiffly backwards ears
Orbital tightening
Tension above eye area
Prominent strained chewing muscles
Mouth strained and pronounced chin
Strained nostrils and flattening of the profile

37
Q

What are diagnostics for horses?

A

Palpation
Lameness Exam
Imaging
24 hr video
Endocrine/Hormone systems

Exam 1 Form and Function (8 decks)

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