Equillibrium Flashcards
Reversible reaction
Reaction that can and does go in both directions
Equilibrium
The rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
Le chateliers principle
States if a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system re-adjusts to oppose the stress applied
Effect on equilibrium position
Catalyst
Temperature
Concentration
Pressure
Catalyst effect on equilibrium position
Causes the reaction to reach equilibrium faster but does not change the position of the equilibrium
Temperature effect on equilibrium position
If
Endothermic- it will be driven forwards I.e. to the right
Exothermic- will be driven backwards
Equilibrium constant
Is temperature dependent
Concentration effect on equilibrium position
Increasing will increase the rate of reaction towards the opposite side
Pressure effect on equilibrium position
Increasing will drive reaction to the side with fewer molecules.
Dynamic state
The reactants are continuously forming products and the products are continuously forming reactants
Dynamic equilibrium
The rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction
Endothermic reaction
Higher favour the endothermic side according to le cheteliers principle/ less product yield
Exothermic reactions
Lower temperatures favour the exothermic side meaning greater product yield
Suggest reasons why low temperature/ pressure conditions might not be used industrially
Low temperature gives low rate /costly
Two metals used as catalysts in catalytic converters
Platinum/ rhodium
