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Chemistry > Bonding > Flashcards

Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

Valency

A

Is the combining power of an atom

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2
Q

Octect rule

A

Having 8 electrons in the outer shell gives an atom or ion stability

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3
Q

Ionic bonding

A

Ionic bonding is the result of the electron transfer.

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4
Q

Covalent bonds

A

Involve the sharing of pairs of electrons

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5
Q

Characteristics of ionic substances

A
  1. Crystal lattice.
  2. High melting and boiling points.
  3. Solids brittle
  4. Soluble
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6
Q

Activation energy

A

Minimum energy colliding particles must have in order to react.

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7
Q

What is energy level?

A

Shell which electrons of equal energy can occupy.

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8
Q

Define ionic bonding

A

Bonds formed by attraction of ionic charges resulting from the loss or gain of electrons.

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9
Q

Name four properties of an ionic compound.

A
  1. Crystal lattice
  2. High melting/ boiling point.
  3. Solids do not conduct.
  4. Solids brittle.
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10
Q

What is intramolecular bonding?

A

Forces within molecules covalent/ionic.

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11
Q

What is intermolecular bonding ?

A

Forces between molecules.

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12
Q

Ionic bonding

A

Ionic bonds between oppositely charged ions.

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13
Q

Name four properties of covalent compounds.

A
  1. Don’t conduct electricity.
  2. Low melting /boiling point.
  3. Usually insoluble.
  4. Made of individual molecules.
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14
Q

What are covalent bonds?

A

Bond formed by sharing of electrons.

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15
Q

Polar covalent bonding

A

Unequal sharing of electrons

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16
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A

Occurs when hyrdrogen is bonded with a more electronegative element

17
Q

Difference between sigma and pi bonds

A

Sigma formed head on overlap/ pi formed sideways overlap // sigma involves more overlap

18
Q

State two assumptions of kinetic theory

A
  1. Collisions are perfectly elastic

2. Average kinetic energy is proportaional to the kelvin temperature

19
Q

Give two differences between chemical and nuclear reactions

A

Chemical reactions: no new chemical formed/ chemical bonds broken and formed
Nuclear reactions: a new element is formed/ no bond formation involved

20
Q

Van der waals bonding

A

Electrons are moving randomly causing temporary charges on seperate ends of the molecule( weak force)

21
Q

Two reasons why real gases deviate from ideal gases

A
  1. There are attractive/ repulsive forces.

2. Diameters of particles are not negligable compared to the distance between them

22
Q

What are dipole dipole bonds?

A

Forces of attraction between the postive area of one molecule and the negative area of another( strong as dipoles are permamanet)

Chemistry (19 decks)

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