epithelial tissue Flashcards
groups of cells similar in structure that perform a common or related function
tissues
study of tissues
histology
epithelium occurs in the body as ____?
glandular or lining epithelium
types of tissues
epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous
functions of epithelial tissue
protection
absorption
filtration
excretion
secretion
sensory reception
job of connective tissue
reinforces the sheet, resists stretching and tearing, and defines the boundary
polarity
tissue has:
free side - not attached to surrounding tissues, open to external or cavity
basal surface - attached to the underlying connective tissue
innervated
has nerves
avascular
does not have blood vessels
special characteristics of epithelial tissue
polarity
avascular
innervated
high REGENERATION capacity
two parts of the name
1st - indicates the number of layers
2nd - describes the shape of cells
simple = ?
ONE layer
stratified = ?
two or more layers
cell shapes
squamous (flat/squished)
cuboidal (box-like/cube)
columnar (column shaped)
how does epithelial tissue receive nutrients
diffusion, from underlying connective tissues
functions of simple epithelium
absorption, secretion, and filtration
laterally flattened cells with cytoplasm, and are located where filtration or exchange of substances occurs
location: kidney and lungs
simple squamous
cells that are equally tall and wide
location: glands and kidney tubules
simple cuboidal
contains cells of various heights that all sit on the basement membrane, giving the appearance of many layers
function: secretion and absorption
location: upper respiratory tract and trachea
has cilia
pseudostratified columnar
tall, closely packed cells
location: lines the digestive tract
has GOBLET cells, looks like bubbles
has microvilli
simple columnar
why do we have cilia and goblet cells in our throat?
to expel materials like debris, inhaled particles, and pathogens, that shouldn’t be there (cough)
goblet cells produce protective mucus layer
makes up external part of the skin, and extends into every body opening
stratified squamous
found mostly in the ducts of some of the larger glands
stratified cuboidal
found in the pharynx, in the male urethra, and lining some glandular ducts
stratified columnar
forms the lining of the hollow organs (bladder, uterus, urethra) of the urinary system
function: allows cells to stretch as the organ distends
cells flatten and stretch so it can look both cuboidal and squamous
transitional epithelium
nuclei
dark purple spots in cells
nuclei lined up = ? (columnar)
simple
nuclei mixed up = ? (columnar)
pseudostratified
The edge of epithelia that is open to the outside or the cavity is known as this
apical
