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Biosci 107 (Cells and Tissues) > Epithelial Cells (Shapes, Arrangements, Combinations and Purposes) > Flashcards

Epithelial Cells (Shapes, Arrangements, Combinations and Purposes) Flashcards

1
Q

Simple arrangements of epithelial cells consist of how many layers of cells?

A

One

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2
Q

Stratified arrangements of epithelial cells consist of how many layers of cells?

A

Two or more

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3
Q

Pseudostratified arrangements of epithelial cells consist of how many layers of cells?

A

One, but they look like they have more

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4
Q

Squamous epithelial cells are what shape?

A

Flat and thin

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5
Q

Flat and thin squamous epithelial cells help with what?

A

Diffusion

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6
Q

Cuboidal epithelial cells are what shape?

A

Cuboidal, Equally tall and wide

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7
Q

Cuboidal shaped epithelial cells help with what?

A

Secretion and absorption

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8
Q

Columnar epithelial cells are what shape?

A

Columnar, taller than they are wide

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9
Q

Columnar shaped epithelial cells help with what?

A

Secretion and absorption

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10
Q

Transitional epithelial cell formations are in what arrangement?

A

Stratified

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11
Q

Transitional epithelial cell formations can do what with their shape?

A

Change their shape and stretch (as can be found in the urinary bladder)

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12
Q

How do simple squamous epithelium formations look?

A

Thin, flat and irregular, like fried eggs or paving stones

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13
Q

Where are simple squamous epithelium formations found?

A

Where there is filtration, diffusion, secretion or where slippery surfaces are needed.

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14
Q

What do mesothelium simple squamous epithelium formations line?

A

Cavities such as the pericardial cavity, pleural cavity and peritoneal cavity

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15
Q

What do endothelium simple squamous epithelium formations line?

A

The inside of the heart and blood and lymphatic vessels

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16
Q

How do simple cuboidal epithelium formations look?

A

Cuboidal or hexagonal boxes

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17
Q

What is the distance between adjacent nuclei in simple cuboidal epithelium formations?

A

Approximately the same as the height of the epithelium

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18
Q

What are simple cuboidal epithelium formations good for?

A

Secretion and Absorption

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19
Q

How do simple columnar epithelium formations look?

A

Often hexagonal, with taller and more slender cells.

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20
Q

In relation to the distance between nuclei, how tall are the epithelial cells in simple columnar epithelium formations?

A

Several times taller than the distance between nuclei

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21
Q

Are there more organelles in cells within columnar epithelium than squamous or cuboidal epithelium?

A

Yes, because they are longer and contain more cytoplasm

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22
Q

Are columnar cells more, less or just as metabolically active as squamous cells?

A

More

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23
Q

Can non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium have microvilli?

A

Yes, on the apical surface of the cell

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24
Q

Can non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium formations have goblet cells?

A

Yes, though interspersed

25
Q

Can ciliated simple columnar epithelium formations have microvilli?

A

No, because they have cilia instead

26
Q

Can ciliated simple columnar epithelium formations have goblet cells?

A

Yes

27
Q

In stratified squamous epithelium formations, cells further from the basement membrane are ___ and ___ ___

A

In stratified squamous epithelium formations, cells further from the basement membrane are thinner and less active

28
Q

In stratified squamous epithelium formations, cells closer to the basement membrane may appear to be in which shapes?

A

Cuboidal or Columnar

29
Q

Where are stratified squamous epithelium formations located?

A

In areas where mechanical or chemical stresses are severe

30
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium formations can protect against what?

A

Microbes

31
Q

Apical cells in stratified squamous epithelium formations in places where mechanical stress and dehydration are major issues are packed with what?

A

Keratin

32
Q

Keratinised apical cells in stratified squamous epithelium formations allow the formation to be ___ and ___

A

tough and waterproof

33
Q

Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium formations are found where?

A

The skin

34
Q

Non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium formations are found where?

A

Throat, Mouth, Tongue,

35
Q

Do all the cells in pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium formations connect to the basement membrane?

A

Yes

36
Q

Do all the cells in pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium formations reach the apical surface of the tissue?

A

No

37
Q

Can pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium have goblet cells?

A

Yes

38
Q

What is the purpose of pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium formations?

A

To secrete mucus out of goblet cells and move it

39
Q

Can pseudo-stratified non-ciliated columnar epithelium have goblet cells?

A

No

40
Q

What is the purpose of pseudo-stratified non-ciliated columnar epithelium formations?

A

For absorption and protection

41
Q

Where can glands be found secreting substances into?

A

Into ducts, onto surfaces and into blood

42
Q

Glands can consist of how many cells?

A

At least one, but can be more

43
Q

Exocrine glands secrete substances where?

A

Into ducts that empty onto a surface, covering or lining epithelium

44
Q

What are some examples of exocrine glands?

A

Sweat, salivary, oil and wax glands as well as the pancreas

45
Q

The effects of exocrine glands are relatively local or distant to the gland?

A

Local

46
Q

Endocrine glands secrete substances where?

A

Directly into the blood through interstitial fluid

47
Q

What are some examples of endocrine glands?

A

Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid and Parathyroid glands

48
Q

The effects of endocrine glands are relatively local or distant to the gland?

A

Distant

49
Q

What do microvilli do?

A

Increase the cell surface area

50
Q

What do cilia do?

A

Move material across the surface of the cell

51
Q

One tubular portion for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Simple Tubular

52
Q

Several tubular secretory portions for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Simple branched tubular

53
Q

A coiled secretory portion for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Simple coiled tubular

54
Q

One bulbous secretory portion for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Simple acinar

55
Q

Several bulbous secretory portions for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Simple branched acinar

56
Q

Multiple simple branched tubular secretory portions for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Compound tubular

57
Q

Multiple simple branched acinar secretory portions for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Compound acinar

58
Q

Multiple simple branched tubular and acinar secretory portions for a duct is a ___ exocrine gland

A

Compound tubuloalveolar

Biosci 107 (Cells and Tissues) (7 decks)

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