Body Systems Flashcards
What is a tissue?
Groups of cells that work together to perform a particular function
What is an organ?
Biological structures with specific fucntions composed of two or more types of tissue
What part of the body contains the integumentary system?
The skin
What are the three layers of the integumentary system?
The Epidermis, Dermis and Hypodermis
Where is Vitamin D produced?
In the Epidermis of the skin
Which layer of the integumentary system contains nerve structures, hair follicles and sebaceous glands?
The Dermis
What does the Dermis do for the Epidermis?
It supports it and supplies it with nutrients
What does the hypodermis do?
Attaches the skin to deeper tissues
Aside from the three layers of skin, what three other things can be found in the integumentary system?
Sweat glands (including the Mammary glands), Sensory receptors and nails
What is the main purpose of sweat glands?
For thermoregulation (evaporative cooling from sweat)
What are the purposes of the muscular system?
Provide movement and support the skeleton, controlling entrances and exits to the digestive, respiratory and urinary system, heat production and soft tissue protection
The muscles that provide support and positioning for the axial skeleton are ___ muscles
Axial muscles
The muscles that move, support and brace limbs are ___ muscles
Appendicular muscles
Bone to muscle connections are called what?
Tendons
Muscle to Muscle connections are called what?
Aponeuroses
What is the purpose of tendons and aponeuroses?
To convert contractile forces into tasks
The skull, vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, sternum and their supporting cartilages and ligaments are all part of the ___ skeleton
Axial skeleton
What are the purposes of the axial skeleton?
To support body weight over the lower limbs and to protect the brain, spinal cord, sense organs and soft tissues of the thorax
Bones not part of the axial skeleton are part of the ___ skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
What are the types of bone marrow?
Red and Yellow
What is the purpose of red bone marrow?
Red blood cell production in flat bones (pelvis, sternum, skull, ribs)
What is the purpose of yellow bone marrow?
Fat cell storage (in the medullary cavity of long bones)
What are the two divisions of the nervous system?
The Central and Peripheral nervous system
What is in the central nervous system?
The brain, spinal cord and optic nerve