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PCE - Multisystem conditions > Episodic Diseases - oncology, anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, Lymphedema > Flashcards

Episodic Diseases - oncology, anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, Lymphedema Flashcards

1
Q

___/___ canadians will get cancer, __/___ will die from cancer

A

2/5, 1/4

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2
Q

Which forms of cancer are most common in men

A

Prostate
Lung
Colon

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3
Q

Which types of cancer are most common in women

A

Breast
Lung
Colon

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4
Q

What TMN system used for the staging cancer

A

tumour, nodes, mets

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5
Q

What are the stages of tumours (extent/spread)

A

TX - cannot be evaluated
T0 - tumor in situ
T1-4

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6
Q

What are the stages of nodes (lymph)

A
  • Nx
  • N0 (no lymph nodes involvement)
  • N1-3 (extend of spread or # involved)
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7
Q

What are the stages of mets (distant ones)

A
  • Mx
  • M0 (no)
  • M1 (distant metastasis present)
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8
Q

What are the stages of cancer

A
  • Stage 0 = carcinoma in situ
  • Stage 1-3 (cancer has extended beyond organ in which it first developed)*?
  • Stage 4 (cancer has spread to different organs)
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9
Q

5 Medical treatment options for cancer

A
  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation
  • Hormone replacement surgery
  • Biological or genetic treatment to destroy cancer cells
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10
Q

Side effects of chemotherapy

A
  • alopecia
  • mucositis
  • pulmonary fibrosis
  • cardiotoxicity
  • renal failure
  • sterility
  • myalgia
  • neuropathy
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11
Q

Side effects of radiation

A
  • skin irritation
  • scar tissue
  • hair loss (permanent or transient
  • temp change in skin colour
  • FATIGUE
  • swallowing discomfort
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12
Q

What is oncology

A

The study and treatment of tumours

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13
Q

What is the clinical presentation of oncology (tumour treatment)

A
  • ROM limitations (need shoulder range for radiation in breast cancer)
  • fatigue
  • myalgia
  • arthralgia
  • chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy
  • deconditioning
  • look for any recurring signs of cancer
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14
Q

Oncology PT Rx

A
  • fatigue management
  • function and mobility management
  • physical symptom management
  • psychological symptom management

REHAB
- preventive, supportive, or restorative

ACUTE SETTING
- mobility (including eqp), general strength and mobility, and bed positioning

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15
Q

Oncology exercise precautions

A
  • Swollen ankle
  • fatigue
  • vomiting and diarrhea
  • unexplained weight loss/gain
  • SOB with low level of exertion
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16
Q

Oncology exercise precautions

A
  • racing pulse, fever, pain in back or neck or bone, calf pain, chest pain
  • nauseated while exercising, confused or disorientated, dizzy or faint
  • blurred vision, sudden SOB, very weak or tired
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17
Q

Safety guidelines for metastatic disease

A
  • follow protocols from MD (need weight bearing order not just AAT)
  • ask about any new neurological symptoms (B/B, unrelenting pain)
18
Q

What is anemia

A

Condition in which you lack enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen to your body’s tissues.

19
Q

What are safety guidelines for exercise with people with anemia

A

Exercise needs to be scaled back if below 8G/DL

20
Q

What is Neutopenia?

A

Decreased WBC

• relates to body’s ability to fight infection

21
Q

What should WBC levels be

A

> 1000 mcL

22
Q

The rate of infection increases if absolute neutrophils falls below ___

A

500MCL

23
Q

Safety guidelines for exercise with neutropenia

A
  • avoid public fitness or areas, facilities and activities with inc exposure to viral and/or bac infection
  • avoid exercise if have fever (temp greater than 37.5 degree F)
24
Q

What is thrombocytopenia ? what does it increase your risk of?

A

low platelet count (normal = 150-400, 000/mcL)

-Increased risk of bruising or bleeding (report any unusual bruising or symptoms to MD)

25
Q

Safety guidelines for exercise with thrombocytopenia if <50,000 MCL

A

avoid activities with contact or risk of falling

26
Q

What is appropriate exercises prescription if 40,000-60,000 MCL in Thrombocytopenia

A

low weights (1-2 lbs.), stationary bike low resistance, walking or ADLs

27
Q

What is appropriate exercises prescription if 20,000-40,000 MCL in Thrombocytopenia

A

low intensity exercise, low weights (0-2 lbs.), stationary bike no resistance or minimal, walking, and ADLS

28
Q

Safety precautions for exercise with thrombocytopenia if <20,000 MCL

A

Increased risk of spontaneous bleed unrelated to trauma

29
Q

What is appropriate exercises prescription if <20,000 MCL in Thrombocytopenia

A

doctor approval, active ROM exercises, walking, ADLS (may need supervision)

30
Q

Safety precautions for exercise with thrombocytopenia if <10,000 MCL

A

spontaneous CNS, GI, or respiratory tract bleeding may also occur

31
Q

What is appropriate exercises prescription if <10,000 MCL in Thrombocytopenia

A

no exercise, only essential ADLs, prevent falls and injury

32
Q

What is the function of the lymph system? via what mechanism does it accomplish this function

A
  • removal of fluid, proteins, bacteria, viruses

- smooth mm in walls contract to move lymph

33
Q

What are the two types of lymphedema

A

Primary

Seconday

34
Q

What is primary lymphedema

A

rare, inherited condition that development problems occur in lymph vessels

35
Q

What is secondary lymphedema

A

D/T damage to or obstruction to normally functioning lymph vessels and nodes

36
Q

Lymphedema risk factors

A
  • Radiation
  • axillary node dissection
  • Arm infection/virus (primary thought cause)
  • weight gain since operation
  • obesity (BMI >25)
  • older age
37
Q

Lymphedema prevention

A
  • skin care
  • activity/lifestyle (body weight gradual buildup of activity)
  • avoid limb constriction (jewelry, clothes, BP cuffs on that side)
  • avoid extreme temp
38
Q

Lyphedema outcome measures

A
  • circumferential (greater than 2 cm difference side to side)
  • water displacement
  • perometer and bioelectrical impedance
39
Q

PT role is treating lymphedema

A
  • Prevention à weight loss through exercise

- Education: what to avoid, S/S to watch for

40
Q

Is physical activity safe for those with lymphedema

A

Yes, o prior, during, and post treatment is safe, however may have other variable to consider & check on change daily

PCE - Multisystem conditions (12 decks)

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