Enzymes & Digestive System

Question 1

What is an enzyme?

Answer 1

A biological catalyst that is made of amino acids

Question 2

What are the roles of enzymes in digestion?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates -> broken down to starch by amylase
Proteins -> broken down into protease by amino acids
Fats -> broken down by lipase

Question 3

Where is amylase produced?

Answer 3

Salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine

Question 4

Where is protease produced?

Answer 4

Stomach, pancreas, small intestine

Question 5

Where is lipase produced?

Answer 5

Pancreas and small intestine

Question 6

What are the 2 models of enzymes?

Answer 6

1. Lock and key -> substrate must fit
2. Induced fit -> changes shape

Question 7

What does amylase break down?

Answer 7

Starch into glucose

Question 8

What does protease break down?

Answer 8

Protein into amino acids

Question 9

What does lipase break down?

Answer 9

Lipids into fatty acids or glycerol

Question 10

What is the function of bile?

Answer 10

Emulsifies lipids

Question 11

What is the function of HCl in the stomach?

Answer 11

Kills pathogens, gives optimal pH for enzymes

Question 12

What are the two jobs enzymes carry out in the digestive system?

Answer 12

Catabolic (breaks down) and anabolic (puts together)
reactions

Question 13

What does specificity mean?

Answer 13

Enzymes that can only catalyse one type of reaction

Question 14

Which part of the digestive system absorbs water?

Answer 14

Large intestine

Question 15

What does the small intestine digest?

Answer 15

Lipids, starch and protein

Question 16

Which part of the digestive system absorbs food into the blood?

Answer 16

Small intestine

Question 17

What are the 2 purposes of the digestive system?

Answer 17

1. break down complex food substances
2. Provide a large surface area for maximum absorption of food