Enzymes Flashcards
4 good things about enzymes
High reaction specificity
High reaction rate
Mild reaction Conditions required
Regulated
Why are vitamins important for enzmyes?
Coenzymes! Prosthetic groups!
The 6 major families of enzymes:
Oxidoreductase, transferase, hydrolase, lyase, isomerase, ligase (OTH LIL) The (oth)er LIL thing
What are some important coenzymes?
vitamins and minerals!
metals for metalloenzymes vs metal activated?
metalloenzyme are more for cu, zn etc, and metal activated are
total entropy should ____ in a spontaneous reaction
increase
write the thermodynamic equation
G=deltaH-TdeltaS
as delta G decreases what happens to Keq? What IS Keq
G is the free energy. if G is negative, the reaction is super favourable and so Keq will be high, favouring reactants.
enzymes just enhance rate- what do enzymes do to activation energy?
decrease it to make it more favourable
how can a reaction occur if delta G is a positive number? Give an example
Formation of glutamine to glutamate is not favourable and has a positive number for delta G, but ATP helps!
possible mechanisms of catalysis
- transition state stabilization
- exclusion of water
- metal ion catalysis
- acidic and basic groups help with proton donating and accepting
- covalent bonds
- orientation of substrate
What does the active centre of chymotrypsin do?
it allows for a hyper reactive modification of serine to occur
