Enzymes Flashcards
Enzymes
catalysts (催化剂) that speed up chemical reactions in cells
What would happen without enzymes?
react much more slowly
What does enzymes do?
help speed up chemical reactions
Substrate
reactant on which an enzyme acts
Active site
where substrate binds
Catabolic reactions
breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules. Chemical bonds are broken, energy released
Anabolic Reactions
smaller molecules joined to form larger ones. New chemical bonds, require input of energy
Cellular respiration
catabolic process where cells break down glucose to release energy for cellular function
What happens when enzyme activity increases?
Temperature increases, as more energy increases the collision rate of enzymes.
Optimum temperature
rate of reaction is highest
Denaturation
after optimum temperature, it decreases, the bonds maintaining the shape of active site are disrupted and enzyme no longer bind to substrate
Substrate concentration
rate of reaction increases with increasing substrate concentration
