DNA structure & Gene expression

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

the storage molecule of genetic information

Question 2

Sugars and phosphates are connected by?

Answer 2

Phosphodiester bonds

Question 3

What connect the bases of DNA?

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds

Question 4

How many strands between A and T

Answer 4

2

Question 5

How many strands between C and G

Answer 5

3

Question 6

2 stages when the gene codes for the protein that a cell needs.

Answer 6

Transcription, translation

Question 7

What happens during transcription?

Answer 7

• DNA double helix unwound
• RNA polymerase enzyme reads DNA template - copy mRNA

Question 8

Amino acid is connected to?

Answer 8

the previous one by a peptide bond, creating a polypeptide.

Question 9

What is an anticodon

Answer 9

A trinucleotide sequence is located at the end of a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule.

Question 10

What is an amino acid?

Answer 10

building blocks of proteins

Question 11

What are ribosomes?

Answer 11

cell cytoplasm, attached to RE reticulum. (the dots)

Question 12

How many Codon combinations?

Answer 12

64 codon combinations that code for 20 amino acids and 3 stop codons.

Question 13

C

Answer 13

G

Question 14

G

Answer 14

C

Question 15

T

Answer 15

A

Question 16

A

Answer 16

U

Question 17

What is the difference between DNA and RNA

Answer 17

DNA is double stranded, while RNA is single stranded.

Question 18

Stop Codons

Answer 18

UAA
UAG
UGA

Question 19

What is DNA polymerase?

Answer 19

enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA

Question 20

Transcription

Answer 20

• occurs in nucleus
• make copy of DNA
• Travel to cytoplasm

Question 21

What is the purpose of an anti-codon

Answer 21

ensures that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the polypeptide