enzymes Flashcards
The two methods that scientists believed enzymes worked by:
- previously lock and key model
- now induced fit
What are enzymes?
biological catalysts
What is the function of a biological catalyst?
To speed up reactions
what three factors are the rate of reaction impacted by?
temperature and pH
- too low and it will not be fast enough, too high and it will denature
substrate concentration -
more substrate means better enzyme activity. However eventually the enzymes will become saturated and no more substrates can be added even if there is plenty of substrate available.
What does lipase break down?
breaks down lipids
What does amylase break down?
breaks down proteins
What does lactase break down?
breaks down lactose
What does pectinase break down?
breaks down pectin
What happens when an enzyme denatures?
it permanently changes shape so the substrate can no longer fit the active site
definition of active site
Where the enzyme and substrate meet
definition of substrate
the substance an enzyme acts on
enzymes are made of what?
proteins
often denature at… (not always though!)
37 degrees celsius
how to calculate the rate of reaction…
how much a product or reactant changes by / time it took to change
Where is protease produced?
Stomach (may be called pepsin - it is a type of protease)
Pancreas
Small intestine
