environments Flashcards

1
Q

define wilderness

A

a natural environment that has not been significantly modified by human activity

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2
Q

defile fragile environment

A

an environment that can be easily damaged by human activity

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3
Q

name 5 threats facing wilderness and fragile environments and explain 3

A

TOURISM
(releases co2, greenhouse gas, global warming, melting ice caps)
OIL DRILLING
( global warming, co2, greenhouse effect, Svalbard has glaciers OR pollution of environment, reduces biodiversity, risk of extinction)
COAL MINING
( employs 300 people
GREATER DEVELOPMENT OF COLD ENVIRONMENTS
( more roads and electricity pylons, damaging fragile environments)
RESOURCE DEPLETION

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of a Desert biome

A
  • found 30 degrees N + S of the equator
  • subtropical high-pressure cells
  • high daytime temperature
  • cold nighttime temperature
  • little rain (250 mm)
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of a Mediterranean biome

A
  • found between 40-45 degrees north of the equator and in isolated locations in South Africa and West Australia
  • hot dry summers
  • mild winters
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6
Q

What are the characteristics of a Grassland biome

A
  • 30-40 degrees north and south of the equator
  • inland away from the coast
  • grasses are the main vegetation
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of a Temperature biome (mixed climate)

A
  • 45-55 degrees north and south of the equator
  • mixed climate
  • warm summers
  • mild winters
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8
Q

What is an example of a desert

A

Sahara
Arabian desert
Antarctica

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9
Q

What is an example of Mediterranean

A

Greece
Spain
Italy

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10
Q

What is an example of a Grassland

A

North America
Russian Steppes
Central Asia

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11
Q

What is an example of a Temperature biome

A

UK
Northern France
Germany
Poland

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12
Q

describe a desert ecosystem

A
sandy/snowy
dry
cati
penguins/seals
rattlesnakes/lizards
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13
Q

describe a mediterranean ecosystem

A

rocky
vineyards
pine trees
geckos

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14
Q

describe a grassland ecosystem

A

grass
grazing animals (bison)
pine trees

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15
Q

describe a temperate ecosystem

A

oak tree
foxes
rabbits

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16
Q

why should fragile environments be protected

A
  • tourism employs 300 people (no wilderness/fragile environment = no tourist sector)
  • coal mining employs 3oo people
  • 150 species of fish in the Barents sea
  • biodiversity
    (if one ecosystem falls apart the other will too due to migrating animals)
  • science
    (without ecosystems to study scientists wouldn’t have a job and we wouldn’t be able to study the effects we are having on our environment)
  • albedo
    (without the albedo effect temperatures at the poles would rise = melting ice caps = rising sea levels
    -damage
    (once you damage an environment it never fully recovers, soil structure isn’t the same = more prone to soil erosion
17
Q

how can we manage fragile environments

A
  • NGO’s (like Greenpeace)
    global scale protection
  • Arctic council (Norway,Russia,Canada,USA)
    regional agreement
  • Technology infrastructure (investment by big tech companies like Google for data storage)