Environmental/Nutritional Diseases Flashcards
Top 3 causes of death postnatal to 5 yrs
- pneumonia
- diarrheal diseases
- malaria falciparum
dangerous particle size
lead lines
dark line on gingiva, bright line on epiphysis (x-ray)
heavy metals
lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium
lead lines
dark line on gingiva, bright line on epiphysis (x-ray)
lead toxicity children
CNS problems
lead toxicity adults
peripheral neuropathies (wrist/foot drop) demyelinating
course basophilic stipling in reticulocytes
indicative of lead toxicity, microcytic hypochromic anemia
mercury toxicity
Hg binds sulfhydryl groups with high affinity, causes CNS and kidney damage
menopausal hormone therapy (MHT)
estrogen-progestin increases risk of breast cancer and coagulable events
cadmium
Source: batteries, paint
Organs: lungs, kidneys creates ROS (mucin + inflammation)
cocaine
coronary vasospasms
hyperpyrexia
spontaneous abortion
blocks DA and NE reuptake
oral contraceptive (OC) + thromboembolism
factor V Leiden mutation
heat cramp
fluid depletion
heat exhaustion
Hypovolemia
Moist, clammy skin, dilated pupils, normal/subnormal body temp
heat stroke
Loss of thermoregulatory response
Dry, hot skin, constricted pupils, high body temp
malignant hyperthermia
ryanodine receptor
marasmus
muscle wasting (M&M) calorie deficiency
Kwashiorkor
edematous
protein deficiency
anorexia and bulimia
low protein, low vitamin C (for capillary strength)
fat soluble vitamins
ADEK
Vit A
- maturation of respiratory epithelium
- vision
- cell growth
- lipid metabolism
Stored in liver ito cells
Vit A deficiency
Squamous metaplasia in lungs
Bitot spots in eyes
Vit D
Calcium absorption Steps: 1. sunshine 2. liver 3. kidney
