Environmental Factors that Affect Development

Question 1

Exposure to Pollution

Answer 1

• Air and water pollution
• particular respiratory problems. e.g. asthma, COPD from vehicle emissions, industrials emissions
• Household pollutant, damage individuals immune system, more susceptible to infections, carcinogens are capable of causing cancer

Question 2

Respiratory Disorders

Answer 2

• Tabaco smoke, combustion products, and air pollutants
• Affect the nerves and muscles used for breathing, bad effect of lining of air passages
• ## Runny nose, sore throat, bacteria pneumonia, chronic obstruction, pulmonary disease, lung cancer

Question 3

Cardiovascular Problems

Answer 3

• Smoking tobaccos and air pollutions

- Environmental pollution linked to illness and death, causing clots, raised blood pressure

Question 4

Allergies

Answer 4

• Irritants
• hay fever, pollen, sneezing, watery eyes, runny nose, lethargy, flu like symptoms
• Asthma, difficulty breathing airways inflames and narrowed
• Inhaler widens airways

Question 5

Location

Answer 5

• motor vehicles, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, volatile organic compounds, particular manner, weakens an individuals immune system, increase number of lung infections, lead to lower physical mobility
• Children cannot go out as much, reduces exercise, opportunities and socialization
• Lack of sleep, stress
• Power station contributed in a fall to sulfur dioxide pollution
• Improve vehicle technology
• Reduction in air pollution
• People in cities are more likely to have cardiovascular and respiratory problems

Question 6

Poor Housing Conditions

Answer 6

• Overcrowded housing, limit access to washing, cleaning and cooking facilities
• Indoor air pollution, drying clothes indoors and inadequate ventilation can be associated with respiratory problems
• Lack of outdoor exercise

Question 7

Respiratory Disorders

Answer 7

• Damp, mold asthma and other allergic responses

Question 8

Cardiovascular Problems

Answer 8

• Overcrowding housing, increase risk of heart disease lead to stress, blood pressure, risk of blood clots and stroke
• Lack of exercise and poor diet can lead to cardiovascular problems
• Unhealthy lifestyle include, smoking, drinking and poor diet
• Lack of green spaces

Question 9

Hypothermia

Answer 9

• Cold homes and homelessness
• Families with low income may not afford heat in their homes especially in old properties
• Poor heating, lack of insulation have been linked to wider deaths

Question 10

Anxiety and Depression

Answer 10

• Stress, anxiety, depression, mental health issues, disturbed, sleeping patterns

Question 11

Availability to Transport

Answer 11

• Travelling can be stressful
• Difficulty getting to local GPs
• Remote areas may not have no public transport at all
• Unreliable transport services lead to missed or cancelled appointments and can be stressful
• Negative impact of health and wellbeing of vulnerable people or families with young children
• Financial implications
• Expensive

Question 12

Opening Hours

Answer 12

• Recruitment of GPs, nurses may be difficult in deprived areas
• Inconvenient opening hours
• Should be better opening hours cause of busy lifestyle

Question 13

Needs and requirements of particular services

Answer 13

• Improving health and reducing property is important for preventing long term health problems and reducing risk of premature deaths.

Question 14

People who have no access services

Answer 14

• Homeless people and vulnerable immigrants, may be at risk of infectious disease, e.g. tuberculosis
• Important for children in these families receive regular health checks, fully immunized against childhood infections e.g. meningitis C and measles to prevent health and development problems.
• Unable to attend GP appointments due to commitments, long working hours, transport difficulties
• cardiovascular disease mortality is high in deprived communities due to people not registering or having difficulties attending appointments.