Envi Engg and Ph Environmental Laws Flashcards
National Water and Air Pollution Control Commission
RA 3931 - July 10, 1967
Created Metro Manila Commission
PD 824 - November 7 1975
Provides policy for pollution control including land pollution
PD 984 - August 8 1976
Philippine Environmental Policy
PD 1151 - June 6 1977
Philippine Environmental Code
PD 1151 - June 6 1977
Installation of pollution control device for all motors and vehicles
PD 1181
Created Human Settlement Ministry
PD 1396
Gave NPCC power to close industrices violating PD 1181
LOI 551 (under PD 984)
Percent of pollutants emitted by a motor vehicle as limited by LOI 551
CO
HC
NO2
Smoke
CO - 3.0%
HC - 350 ppm
NO2 - 800 ppm
Smoke - not more than 20% dense
Requiring a pollution control officer for all industries, factoried, agencies, organizations, public and private
LOI 558
Act to punish the dumping into any river or refuse wastewater or substance of any kind whatsoever that may bring about the rise of filling in of river beds or cause artificial alluvial formation
Commonwealth Act
Providing penalty for improper disposal of garbage and other forms of uncleanliness and for other purposes
PD 825 - November 7 1985
Code in Sanitation of the Philippines
PD 856
Prevention and Control of Marine Pollution
PD 600
Environmental Impact Assessment Law
PD 1586
Seeks to develop Pasig River and uts environs within 3 years
PD 274
Establishes oil pollution operations center in the Philippine Coast Guard Headquarters
PD 602
Water Code of the Philippines - integrates all laws governing the ownership, appropriation, use, exploitation, development, conservation and protection if the country’s water resources; contains measures to prevent flood and other calamities caused by abuse of use of water
PD 1067
Empowers barangay officials to arrest violators of laws for the protection of environment
PD 1160
Creation of MMDA
RA 7924
Act to Control Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes
RA 6969
Clean Air Act of the Philippines
RA 8749
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
RA 9003
Clean Water Act of the Philippines
RA 9275
Accumulation of trace metal through each species of a food chain
biomagnification
Causes minamata disease which is a neurological disease characterized by trembling, inability to walk and speak and even serious convulsions that can lead to death
Mercury
Responsible for itai-itai diseases which is an extremely painful disease that causes disintegration of bones
cadmium
Causes argyria which is the blue-gray discoloration of skin and mucous membrane
Silver
Recognized poison and carcinogenic
Arsenic
Causes neurological disease
chromium
Leads to fetal malformation, mental disability, irritability, loss of appetite and reduction of sex drive
Lead
Device that cut up solids into smaller and more uniform sizes
comminutors
Enlarged channel where the velocity of wastewater flow is controlled to allow only the heavier solids to settle out
grit chamber
maintain a constant volumetric flow of wastewater from pretreatment to other downstream operations
Equalization basin
fixed bed where wastewater is intermittently discharged and contacted with biological slimes that have grown in the filter media
Trickling filters
A large shallow lagoon divided by thermal stratification into aerobic surface and anaerobic bottom
Stabilization ponds
Stabilization ponds with surface aerator
Aerated lagoon
The selection and application of suitable techniques, technologies and management programs to achieve specific waste management objectives
Integrated Solid Waste Management
Process of determining the optimum number of services that constitute a fair day’s work and dividing the collection task among the crews so that all have equal loads
Route balancing
Process of determining the path or route for the collection vehicle to follow as it collects waste from each service in a specific area
Heuristic routing
Major constituent of photochemical smog
Tropospheric ozone
Air Pollution Control Equipment based on size of particulates
Settling Chamber: > 50 microns
Cyclone collector: 20-45 microns
Scrubber: 5-20 microns
Filter: 1-10 microns (cloth), 0.1 microns (acetate membrane)
Electrostatic precipitators: > 1 microns
Process where more harmful substances are produced from less harmful ones
Synergism
Part of atmosphere where photochemical reactions take place
Mesosphere
Process of converting nitrogen gas to ammonia
Nitrogen fixation
Biomes are distinguished by
its dominant plant life
Denitrification is carried out by this type of bacteria that breakdown nitrates and release nitrogen gas
Anaerobic bacteria
Measure of assimilative capacity of a stream
BOD
Most aquatic organisms can survive in a pH range of about
6 to 9
Most commonly used coagulating agent
Aluminum sulfate
Nitrates more than 50 ppm in water leads to a disease called
Mathemoglobenemia
What substance in water is removed by Lime Soda Process
Hardness
Electrochemical process used in removal of colloidal matter in wastewater through reduction of electrostatic charges surrounding the solids
coagulation
Water treatment that destroys diseases causing bacteria, nuisance bacteria, parasites and other organisms and removes soluble iron, manganese and hydrogen sulfide from water
Chlorination
A wastewater with a BOD/COD = 1 indicates that
biological treatment is more practical
Atmospheric condition with lapse rate of >10 C/km
superadiabatic
Provides blue print for action towards sustainable development
Agenda 21
Particulate matter carried in the effluent gases from furnaces burning fossil fuels
Fly ash
Cloud of air pollution trapped by thermal inversion
smog
Global treaty that aims to protect human health and environment from persistent organic pollutants
Stockholm convention
PAN is a powerful lachrymator or tear producer formed from unburned hydrocarbons, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, and oxygen, PAN stands for
Peroxyacetyl nitrate
Used in bonding agents and building and furniture construction which may cause drowsiness, nausea, and headaches when exposed to low level concentration
formaldehyde