Env. Emergencies - COLD

Question 1

Why does heat create central hypovolemia

Answer 1

Vasodilation to help lose heat

Question 2

What causes cold diuresis

Answer 2

Kidneys react to excess volume and vasoconstriction and create Urine
Can cause dehydration in hypothermia

Question 3

What drug prevents hypothalamus from thermoregulating and thus prevents shivering

Answer 3

Thorazine

Question 4

Why does cold create a central hypervolemia

Answer 4

Vasoconstriction at surface to avoid losing heat

Question 5

Cold uticaria S/S

Answer 5

RAPID onset
Raised, red, itchy hives

Histamine mediated

Question 6

Chilblains S/S

Answer 6

DELAYED onset
Bluish, red, itchy hives
Pruritis, burning, itching

Histamine mediated

Question 7

When do chilblains occur?

Answer 7

Temp 60%

Question 8

Intense itching

Answer 8

Pruritis

Question 9

Heat moves from a warm source to the cooker environment
Right off the surface of the skin
Stops at ambient 86 F

Answer 9

Radiation

Question 10

Heat lost through movement of air currents

Carrying away warmed air from the skin

Answer 10

Convection

Question 11

Heat is lost to objects through direct contact

Answer 11

Conduction

10-30 times that of radiation or convection

Question 12

Heat is lost as liquid absorbs heat and then dissipates heat to surrounding air
Stops when ambient humidity is 65%

Answer 12

Evaporation

240 times that of radiation or convection

Question 13

What temp is there sequestration (to hide away) of drugs? (Won’t work)

Answer 13

86

Question 14

Body attempts to maintain temp by vasoconstricting
Increasing metabolic rate
Increase pulse 
BP rise
Muscle tone rises

Answer 14

99-94 F

Not hypothermic just cold

Question 15

Amnesia (forgets task)
Dysarthria 
Poor judgement 
Maladaptive(stupid) behavior
Normal BP
tachycardia 
Hyperventilation

Answer 15

94 MILD HYPOTHERMIA
94-91 F
Around 91 cold diuresis, ataxia & apathy develop