Abdominal Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting

A

Acute gastroenteritis

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2
Q

Inflammatory condition of the liver assoc. w/ sudden onset of

  • weakness
  • malaise
  • anorexia
  • N/V
  • dull right upper quadrant pain
  • jaundice
  • dark urine
A

Acute hepatitis

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3
Q

Abrupt interruption of intestinal blood flow

Can result from an embolism thrombosis or decreases perfusion

A

Acute mesenteric ischemia

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4
Q

Abnormal opening of the cutaneous surface near the anus

A

Anal fistula

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5
Q

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease

Affects the ileum, colon or both

A

Crohn’s Disease

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6
Q

Inflammation of one or more of the diverticula

Caused when a diverticulum is packed with fecal matter

A

Diverticulitis

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7
Q

Presence of pouch like hernia toons through the muscular layer of the colon
May result in bright red rectal bleeding if perforated

A

Diverticulosis

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8
Q

A pouch hernia toon through the muscular wall of a tubular organ stomach small intestine or most commonly the colon

A

Diverticulum

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9
Q

Veriform

A

Worm like

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10
Q

What causes esophageal varices?

A

Portal Hypertension (by liver failure)

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11
Q

Brain damage causes by liver disease and consequent ammonia intoxication

A

Hepatic encephalopathy

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12
Q

Clay colored stools can be a sign of what?

A

Hepatitis

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13
Q

Body absorbs and stores to much iron

Accumulates in liver heart and pancreas

A

Hereditary hemochromatosis

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14
Q

Obstruction of the intestines

A

Ileus

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15
Q

Unconscious rigid contraction of the abdominal muscles

A sign of peritoneal inflammation

A

Involuntary guarding

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16
Q

Lactose intolerance is causes by a lack of which enzyme?

17
Q

Massive bleeding after a tear in mucous membrane at the junction of the esophagus and the stomach

A

Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

18
Q

Decrease in or the absence of intestinal peristalsis

Most common cause of intestinal obstruction

A

Paralytic Ileus

19
Q

Fluid resuscitation strategy in which fluid red cell products are with led until bleed has been surgically controlled

A

Permissive hypotension

20
Q

Pain from the skeletal muscles ligaments vessels or joints

A

Somatic pain

21
Q

Inflammatory condition of large intestine

Severe diarrhea and ulceration of the mucosa of the intestine

A

Ulcerative Colitis

22
Q

Cessation of inspiration during examination of right upper quadrant(may indicate cholecystitis)

A

Murphy’s sign

23
Q

Tenderness midway between the anterior-superior iliac spine and the umbilicus (may indicate acute appendicitis)

A

Mcburney’s sign

24
Q

Periumbilical bluish discoloration(may indicate retroperitoneal hemorrhage, pancreatic hemorrhage, or rupture of AAA)

A

Cullen’s sign

25
Bluish discoloration of the flanks (may indicate retro peritoneal hemorrhage pancreatic hemorrhage or AAA rupture)
Grey Turner's Sign
26
Pain with flex right hip rotation (may indicate appendicitis
Obturator sign
27
Pain when raising a straight leg against resistance (may indicate appendicitis, right side AAA)
Psoas sign
28
A rumbling or gurgling sound made by movement of fluid or gas in the intestines
Borborygmus
29
Where should dullness be heard?
Over organs and solid masses
30
What is the major normal sound that should be heard?
Tympany | Air in the stomach and intestines
31
sengstaken-Blakemore tube
Tamponade bleeding in the esophagus
32
How much blood can accumulate in the abdomen before distention?
1.5L
33
Name all solid organs
Liver | Spleen
34
Name all hollow organs
Stomach Small intestine Colon
35
Name retroperitoneal organs
Kidneys Ureters Pancreas Duodenum
36
Name Pelvic organs
Bladder | Urethra
37
An organ fracture requires?
Surgery
38
Organ contusion requires?
Rest fluids
39
Injury to what ribs can injure the liver
8th through 12th