Entrance past Flashcards
- When is estrogen highest?
End of proestrus
When is MM dry, pale, wrinkled, slightly swollen?
Estrus
Smear cells?
a. Non cornified epithelial cells (Parabasal cells (early diestrus, metestrus, late estrus, anestrus), small and large intermediate cells), Cornified (superficial cells with pycnotic nucleus, anucleate cells)
- Large dogs have more semen than small dogs?
a. Yes, they have
- How many sperm fractions does a dog have?
a. 3
- Sperm quality, young vs old?
a. Young dogs worse quality than little older, very old dog have problems with erection
- High sperm volume is a good indicator of good quality?
a. No, its not true
- Normal sperm count dog?
a. 300 million – 2 billion
- Optimum sperm pH?
a. 6.5 (6.3-6.7)
- What is the progesterone level at LH peak?
a. 2 ng/ml
- When is the progesterone level highest?
a. Diestrus
- What is the progesterone level at ovulation?
a. 5-8 ng/ml
- Urine pH dogs and cat?
a. Dog: 7-7.5, Cat: 6-3-6.6
According to “some study” some animals are more predisposed to thoracic injury.
- male
- Less than 10k
- Less than 20 kg
- Bite wounds
- Less than 10k
- What is gastropexy?
a. Surgical procedure where the stomach is sutured to the abdominal wall or
diaphragm
- Which statement is incorrect concerning prostate US?
a. It can differentiate between abscess and cyst
- Most common indication for a type of mega colon surgery in cats (subtotal colectomy)
a. Idiopathic / primary acquired megacolon
- What drug we can’t use in a cat skin disease?
a. Azathioprine (its toxic)
- Which of the following organs is most commonly displaced/incarcerated leading to acute
symptoms in case of perineal hernia?
a. Urinary bladder
- Which of the following suture material is non-absorbable? a. Polypropylene
b. Polyamide
c. Both
d. None
c. Both
What is the advantage of scrotal urethrostomy?
a. Easily dissectible section, wider and safer stroma
symptoms of adrenohypocorticism?
a. Dehydration, K increase, Ca decrease, weakness, tremor, shock, Bradycardia
- Intrahepatic PSS more common in?
a. Large breeds (Irish wolfhound, golden, iris setter, Labrador, sheepdog, GS)
- Extrahepatic PSS more common in?
a. Small toy breeds, cats. (Yorkie, cairn terrier, Malteser, pug)
- Which of the following organs is most commonly displaced/incarcerated in case of scrotal hernia?
a. Small intestine
- Tracheal hypoplasia is?
a. Congenital problem in young dogs
- Hypoadrenocorticism of dogs: therapy?
a. Crisis, 0.9% saline, hydrocortisone, later: fludrocortisone, DOCP, prednisolone, salt
- Electrosurgery. Choose the incorrect statement?
a. The efficacy and safety of monopolar system is better
- Which part of the stomach is usually dislocated in case of sliding (axial) hiatal hernia?
a. Cardia
Most potent gastric protectant for dogs with CKD?
a. Omeprazole and pantoprazole)
- Which congenital heart disease has a specific continuous «machinery» heart murmur as a
symptom?
a. PDA
- Can diaphragmatic hernia be diagnosed by ultrasound?
a. Yes
What is the best diagnostic tool for diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia?
a. Ultrasound?
W-ray first, then US
what changes do you expect to find in case of severe PDA?
a. Left ventricular dilatation
Most common tumor in cats?
a. Lymphoma
Most common tumor in dogs?
a. Melanoma
Which BAOS surgery technique could make your soft palate thinner?
a. Folded flap palatoplasty
What is the most important antibody to have at the site of the injury initially?
a. IgM
Which anal zone involve circumanal hepatoid glands?
Zona cutanea
Prolongs the survival time of dogs and cats with CKD?
a. Diet
Most common urinary tract diseases in cats?
a. FIC
To determine the urine concentration ability of the kidneys, we use?
a. Urine specific gravity with refractometer
Urinary stone that can’t be dissolved medically?
a. Ca-oxalate
- What is not true for feline interstitial cystitis?
a. Affected cats are mostly outdoor animals
Which statement is false? In case of a chest radiograph
a. Longer exposure time is recommended
Normal glucose parameter in dog?
a. 4-7 mmol/l
Most common tumor of the spleen?
a. Hemangiosarcoma
Which statement is not true?
a. The joint cartilage is not visible in the radiograph
Early phase healing, the most essential WBC in wounds are?
a. Monocytes
In which endocrine disorder there is no polydipsia/polyuria?
a. Hyperthyroidism or alopecia X
Which breed is predisposed of Addison?
a. Poodle
Which is a full antagonist?
a. Naloxone
Which one of the following is the «classic» indication for adrenalectomy?
a. A unilateral adrenal cortical adenoma caused peripheral Cushing disease
- Normal platelet (thrombocyte) count
a. 30x109/L
Diseases with hemorrhagic diathesis?
a. Chronic liver disease, DIC, von Willebrand disease
95% of parabasal cells are in what cycle?
a. Anestrous
What is not true about alpha2 agonists?
a. They are not antagonizable
2nd most common lower urinary tract disease of dog?
a. Urolithiasis
IRIS classification of CKD. Which answer is wrong?
a. In state-1 the creatinine level is only mildly elevated
To prevent magnification and distortion of the object being radiographed, the patient
must…
a. Be as close to the film as possible, be as parallel to the film as possible
Which statement is true?
Fluroscopy = x-rat tube is above animal
