ENTEROBACTERIACEAE PT.2 Flashcards
this genus causes dysentry
Shigella
biochem inert of shigella
Non-lactose fermenters
Do not use acetate or mucate as carbon source
unique member of shigella
shigella sonnei
specie that is fragile and susceptible to
various effects of physical and chemical
agents
Shigella species
why shigella sonnei is unique?
Ability to ferment lactose slowly (LLF) producing pink colonies on MAC agar only after 8 hours of incubation
ONPG positive
t/f: Shigella are susceptible to the acid pH of
the stool.
t
what happens if k antigens are present
it interferes with o antigen in serologic grouping
what must be done in order to remove k antigen
boil the bacterial suspension for 30 minutes
shigella subgroup b (strong’s bacillus)
shigella flexneri
shigella subgroup a (dysentry bacillus)
shigella dysentriae
shigella subgroup c (shigella ambigua)
shigella boydii
shigella subgroup d
shigella sonnei
shigella specie that is predominant in the U.S and other industrialized countries
shigella sonnei
shigella species that are the most common isolates in developing countries.
shigella dysentriae type 1 and shigella boydii
reservoir of shigella
humans and large primates
mot of shigella
direct person-to-person contact
fecal-oral route
flies, fingers, food and water contaminated by infected persons
shigella specie that affects mostly young children. Leading isolate of gastroenteritis among men who have sex with men. HIV infections increases this risk.
shigella flexneri
shigella specie that remains the most virulence of all the species with a significantly high morbidity and mortality rate.
shigella dysentriae type 1
function of cell-to-cell passage
protects Shigella from immune-mediated clearance
enrichment medium for the isolation of Salmonella spp., and Shigella species from heavily contaminated specimens such as stool.
Selenite broth
function of IL1B
acts as a chemoattractant for PMNs into the infected tissues.
destabilizes the integrity of the intestinal wall and allows bacteria to reach the deeper epithelial cells.
what is the result if there are high contrentations of gb3
hemmorhagic diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome
typically found in cold-blooded animals as well as in rodents and in birds, which serve as their natural hosts.
salmonella
H Ag
More stable
O and H are the primary antigenic structures
Fimbriae
for adhesion
O Ag
Stable to boiling and acid alcohol
Vi Ag
Plays a role in preventing phagocytosis
also known as the Gardner’s bacillus
salmonella enteritidis
also known as the Eberth’s bacillus
salmonella typhi
what is rose-spots
blanching rose-colored papules around the umbilical region also appear during the second week of fever,
diseases associated with salmonella
gastroenteritis or food poisoning
typhoid fever
most severe form of enteric fever
Typhoid fever
initially isolated from a lizard and is usually isolated from cold-blooded animals and the environment.
salmonella bongori
salmonella spp that have no known animal reservoirs and infections only occurs in humans.
salmonella typhi
salmonella paratyphi
other species that causes enteric fever
Salmonella Paratyphi A, B,and C
salmonella cholerasius
during the first week of enteric fever where is the bacteria isolated?
isolated from blood
can be used indefinitely as clinical specimen
Stool
during the second and thrid week of enteric fever where is the bacteria isolated?
isolated from the stool
colony characteristic in SSA
colorless-black center (H2S+)
colony characteristic in EMB/MAC
colorless
colony characteristic in NA
maple leaf colonies w/irregular margins
colony characteristic in XLD
slightly pink to white opaque colonies
qualitative in widal test
slide technique
Serologic test that detects the presence of antibodies in the person’s serum against O and H antigens of Salmonella Typhi.
Widal Test
what type of colony does salmonella typhi on bsa produce
Metallic colonies with a black ring
titer of o agglutinins that is clinically significant as these indicate active infection.
1:100
quantitative in widal test
tube technique
titer of h agglutinins that is clinically significant as these indicate active infection.
1:200
pathogens under yersinia
Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Yersinia enterocolitica
causative agent of plague
Yersinia pestis
Implicated in sporadic cases of gastroenteritis, mesenteric lymphadenitis especially in children, and generalized septicemic infections in immunocompromised hosts.
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Yersinia enterocolitica
has been a cause of diarrhea outbreaks in numerous communities and it has been seen to mimic appendicitis.
Yersinia enterocolitica
The causative agent of plague – a primary disease in rodents that are spread to humans by bites of fleas.
Yersinia pestis
Parasite of the rodent of yersinia pestis
Rattus rattus
flea vector (most common and effective vector
of Yersinia pestis)
Xenopsylla cheopis
stain used in cells to have a characteristic “Safety Pin” appearance
Wayson Stain
most common form of the disease, results from the bite of a flea, or by direct inoculation of an open skin would by plague-infected material.
Bubonic plague
results from the hematogenous dissemination of the organism, following the damaged of the lymph nodes in patients with bubonic plague.
Secondary septicemic plague
occurs in patients without buboes as primary infections.
Primary septicemic plague
results form the dissemination of the organism to other organ systems such as the lungs, brain, liver, and spleen, with daysnear and hemoptysis, plague meningitis, and hepatic and splenic abscesses.
Secondary pneumonic plague
yersinia specie that is found in a wide variety of animals, including domestic swine, cats, and dogs.
Yersinia enterocolitica
mot of yersinia enterocolitica
contact with household pets
used to increase the recovery in fecal samples.
Cold-enrichment
Clinical manifestations of Yersinia enterocolitica
§ Acute gastroenteritis
§ Appendicitis – like syndrome
§ Less frequent manifestations such as septicemia,
arthritis, and erythema nodosum.
yersinia specie that has the ability to survive in cold temperatures
Yersinia enterocolitica
Similar to Yersinia pestis for being a disease primarily of rodents, particularly guinea pigs. And birds are natural reservoirs.
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
