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BACTE LEC > BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS > Flashcards

BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are called what

A

enterics

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2
Q

what are the characteristics of colonies produced by Enterobacteriaceae in SBA and CHOC agar?

A

large, moist, gray colonies that can’t be distinguishable

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3
Q

Large mucoid colonies are caused by what type of bacteria/s

A

Klebsiella and Enterobacter

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4
Q

Beta hemolytic colonies are caused by what type of bacteria/s

A

Escherichia coli

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5
Q

What are the primary isolation media used for isolating enterics

A

MacConkey (MAC)
Eosin-Methylene Blue (EMB)
Hektoen enteric agar (HEA)
Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA)
Xylose-Lysine-Deoxycholate (XLD)

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6
Q

This media can also be used to detect H2S production

A

Xylose-Lysine-Deoxycholate (XLD)

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7
Q

All are CYTOCHROME OXIDASE NEGATIVE, except for

A

Plesiomonas species

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8
Q

Most species are able to reduce nitrates to nitrites, except:

A

Erwinia and Pantoea agglomerans

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9
Q

what bacterias are non-motile at 37C and 25C

A

Klebsiella
Shigella species
Yersinia pestis

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10
Q

what bacterias are non-motile at 37C but motile
at 25C

A

Yersinia enterocolitica
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

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11
Q

able to utilize carbohydrates OXIDATIVELY (aerobic utilization)

A

oxidizers

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12
Q

are unable to utilize carbohydrates even in the presence of oxygen (ASSACHAROLYTIC or NON-SACCHAROLYTIC)

A

non-oxidizers

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13
Q

what algorithm does enteric and non-fermentative bacteria follow for laboratory isolation and detection

A

Specimen Accesioning and Evaluation
Direct Microscopy
Inoculation to primary isolation media

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14
Q

what color of colony does lactose fermenter produce

A

pink

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15
Q

if the bacteria is a lactose fermenter and has a presence of encapsulated bacteria what color and type of colony is produced

A

Pink colonies and mucoid colonies

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16
Q

what color of colony does non-lactose fermenter produce

A

colorless colonies

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17
Q

INOCULATION:
- TSI
- LIA
- MR
- VP
- SIM
- Citrate
- Urease

A

A. TSI – stab and streak
B. LIA – stab, streak, and stab
C. MR – emulsify colonies using loop or needle
D. VP - emulsify colonies using loop or needle
E. SIM- stab
F. Citrate- streak
G. Urease - streak

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18
Q

orientation of TSI

A

butt/slant medium

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19
Q

CHO content of TSI

A

(0.1%) Glucose
(1%) Lactose and Sucrose

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20
Q

alternate source of energy in TSI

A

Peptone

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21
Q

pH indicator of TSI

A

Phenol red

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22
Q

source of sulfur for H2S production by bacteria (sulfur donor)

A

Sodium thiosulfate

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23
Q

indicator for H2S

A

Ferrous sulfate

24
Q

TSI reaction of EKES

A

A/A, H2S-

25
Q

TSI reaction of SPC

A

A/A, H2S +

26
Q

TSI reaction of SPACEd

A

K/A, H2S+

27
Q

TSI reaction of YES PM

A

K/A, H2S-

28
Q

Principle pf LIA

A

Determine the ability of organisms to deaminate or decarboxylase lysine and produce H2S gas

28
Q

TSI reaction of Non-fermentative organisms

A

K/K

29
Q

bacterias that are deaminase +

A

Proteus
Providencia
Morganella

30
Q

orientaion of LIA

A

slant/butt

31
Q

serves as the substrate for the decarboxylase or deaminase enzyme of bacteria.

A

lysine

31
Q

the fermentable sugar that provides acidity to the medium after fermentation by bacteria

A

1% Glucose

32
Q

pH indicator of LIA

A

bromcresol purple

33
Q

Principle of Methyl Red and Voges-Proskauer test

A

Glucose degradation in the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway produce pyruvic acid as byproduct.

34
Q

products of MR and VP test

A

MR - mixed acids
VP - diacetyl

34
Q

detects mixed acids produced from pyruvic acid after its further degradation by bacteria though the mixed acids pathway

A

methyl red test

34
Q

detects diacetyl as a product of the oxidation of acetoin which is a byproduct produced from pyruvic acid after its further degradation by bacteria through the butylene glycol pathway.

A

VOGES-PROSKAUER TEST

35
Q

neutral pathway produces that color

A

pink

35
Q

acidic pathway produces that color

A

red

36
Q

It is a semi-solid medium that facilitates bacterial motility

A

Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM) test

37
Q

– enters the bacterial cell’s metabolic pathway for the production of energy

A

Pyruvate

37
Q

pH indicator of CITRATE

A

Bromthymol blue

37
Q

Principle of Urease test

A

Urease splits the urea molecule into NH3, CO2, and H2O. Ammonia reacts in the solution to form an
alkaline compound, ammonium carbonate, which results in an increased pH of the medium and a
color in the indicator to pink-red.

37
Q

original color of urease

A

yellow

37
Q

Principle of Citrate

A

Some organisms can utilize SODIUM CITRATE as their sole source of carbon producing acetate and other alkaline carbonate end products in the process. These product change the color of the indicator from green to blue.

37
Q

SIM H2S indicator forming a black precipitate

A

ferrous ammonium sulfate

37
Q

the only carbon source of CITRATE

A

Sodium citrate

37
Q

pH indicator of urease

A

phenol red

37
Q

RAPID UREASE PRODUCERS (w/in 2-4
hours)

A

Proteus
Providencia
Morganella

38
Q

WEAK UREASE PRODUCERS within 4 hours

A

Citrobacter
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Yersinia
Seratia

38
Q

Used to study CHO utilization by non-fermenters.

A

Oxidation/Fermentation (OF) Test

38
Q

Principle of Nitrate reduction test

A

Some organisms possess nitrate reductase that can reduce nitrate (NO3−) to nitrite (NO2−)

38
Q

break down of gelatin to amino acid

A

Gelatin hydrolysis

38
Q

What species are the only genera positive for Phenylalanine deaminase.

A

Proteus, Providencia, Morganella

38
Q

what bacteria is present if the gelatin hydrolysis test is positive

A

Serratia species

38
Q

pH indicator of OF test

A

Bromthymol blue

BACTE LEC (7 decks)

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