Enteric Disease Flashcards
What is enteric fever
Systemic illness with fever and abdominal pain
Main organism involved
Salmonella enterica
Main serotype of organism involved
Typhi
Main communities affected by enteric fever
Poor communities
Demography more at risk of enteric fever
Children
Immunocompromised
How is salmonella spread
Contaminated food
Water outside home
Sharing ustensiles
Patients with typhi around other patients
Lack of soap
Lack of toilet facilities
What cases of enteric fever are considered chronic
When there’s excretion of organism in urine or stool more than 12 months after acute infections
Percentage of cases that become chronic
1-5% of cases
Demography more at risks of chronic infection
Women
Cholelithiasis patient
Can antibiotic therapy or cholecystectomy get rid of chronic infection
No , still persistent
Which disease is linked with salmonella typhi infection in Africa
HIV
What are the characteristics of the salmonella enterica
Facultative anaerobe
Gram negative bacilli
Only reservoir of s typhi
Human
Is travel history important in s typhi
Yes , can give idea of sanitation status
Pathogenesis of s typhi
Ingested organism
Survives in acidic conditions of stomach
Get to small bowel
Goes to epithelium borough CFTR
Get to lymphoid tissue
Disseminate through lymphatic and hematogenous route
Can get to submucosal region of bowel by M cll or direct penetration where it proliferates and cause hypertrophy of payer patches
Abdominal pain and olio perforation possible which can lead to death
