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1- GIT Medicine > Acute Hepatitis > Flashcards

Acute Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

Common causes of viral hepatitis

A

Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D
hepatitis E

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2
Q

Less common causes of viral hepatitis

A

Cytomegalovirus
Epstein bar virus

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3
Q

Rare causes of viral hepatitis

A

, herpes simplex, yellow fever

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4
Q

Clinical features of acute infection of the liver

A

Nonspecific prodromal illness
Headache
Myalgia
arthralgia
Nausea
Anorexia
2days -2 weeks after -> Jaundice with Dark urine ans pale stool
Liver tenderness,
mild hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and cervical lymphadenopathy

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5
Q

Investigation of acute hepatitis

A

Liver function tests - high serum transaminase , plasmabilirubin for liver damage extent , ALP, prolongation of PT

FBC - relative lymphocytosis, normal wbc

Serological test for origin of infection

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6
Q

General management of acute hepatitis

A

Generally no hospital care
Avoid sedatives and narcotics
Avoid alcohol during a cute illness avoid elective surgery

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7
Q

Viral group of hepatitis A

A

Picornavirus group of enterovirus

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8
Q

Mean of transmission of hepatitis A

A

Fecal oral route

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9
Q

Population at risk of hepatitis A

A

Children,
people living in overcrowded and poor sanitation areas

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10
Q

Incubation time of hepatitis A

A

 2 to 6 weeks

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11
Q

Is there a chronic or carrier states in hepatitis A?

A

No

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12
Q

Main clinical presentation of ahepatitis A

A

Asymptomatic

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13
Q

Investigation of hepatitis A

A

Anti HAV antigen igM type titres

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14
Q

Management of hepatitis A

A

Improvement of social conditions, overcrowded and poor sanitation areas

active immunization

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15
Q

Which species is the only source of infection of hepatitis B?

A

Humans

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16
Q

Most common causes of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide

A

Hepatitis B

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17
Q

Main clinical presentation of hepatitis B

A

Asymptomatic

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18
Q

What form of transmission of hepatitis B cause the highest risk of ongoing chronic infection

A

Vertical transmission from mother to child

19
Q

Complication of chronic hepatitis b

A

Cirrhosis
hepatocellular carcinoma

20
Q

Forms of hepatitis caused by hepatitis B

A

Acute hepatitis
Nonprogressive, chronic hepatitis
Progressive, chronic hepatitis with cirrhosis
Acute hepatic failure with massive liver necrosis
Healthy asymptomatic carrier

21
Q

Incidence of hepatitis B in the world

A

1/3 of the world population

22
Q

Amount of people worldwide with chronic hepatitis B infection

A

400 million people

23
Q

Type of transmission of hepatitis B

A

Horizontal ( sexual ,needles, transfusion)
vertical

24
Q

Investigation in hepatitis B

A

serology
PCR

25
Which factor is an indicator of active infection of hepatitis B?
HB surfàce antigen
26
When can you say after investigation that there is chronic hepatitis B
Serum HBsAg positive longer than six months
27
What does anti HBcAg ( core )
IgM indicates acute HBV infection
28
What does HBeAg indicates
Active Viral replication
29
Five phases of chronic hepatitis B
Immune tolerant phase immune reactive, HBeAG positive, chronic hepatitis phase inactive carrier phase HBeAg negative,Chronic hepatitis phase HBsAg negative phase
30
How do you measure viral loads?
Pcr
31
Management of acute hepatitis B
Monitoring for acute liver failure
32
Management of chronic hepatitis B
Oral antiviral to reduce viral load - direct acting nucleoside or nucleotide analogues (lamivudine , entecavir , tenofovir, interferon Alfa ) Liver transplant Vaccine
33
Type of virus hepatitis C
RNA Flavivirus
34
Is acute symptomatic infection with hepatic c common or rare in pain
Rare
35
Percentage of people that develop chronic hepatitis C
80%
36
Is there active or passive protection against hepatitis c
No
37
People at risk of hepatitis c infection
IV. Drug abuse multiple sex partners surgery in past six months, needlestick injury, multiple contacts with HCV person, employment in medical field Unknown
38
Risk factors for progression from chronic hepatitis C to cirrhosis
Male gender , immunosuppression like in HIV prothrombotic states heavy alcohol misuse
39
Percentage of people that develop cirrhosis after chronxi hepatitis for a long time within 20years
20%
40
Investigation in hepatitis C
Serum anti-HCV antibodies Hepatitis c rna detection Molecular analysis LFT ( normal or fluctuating transaminases ) Liver histology by biopsy for liver fibrosis level
41
Management of hepatitis c
Eradicate infection by direct acting antiviral agents
42
Hepatitis E present in which countries
India Middle East Asia France ( Europe )
43
Which disease does hepatitis E look like in terms of clinical presentation and management
Hepatitis A
44
How is hepatitis E different from hepatitis A?
Infection in Pregnancy associated with acute liver failure with high mortality

1- GIT Medicine (20 decks)

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