ENT buzzwords

Question 1

Cholesteatoma

Answer 1

Rinne result: Bone conduction > air conduction in affected ear, Air conduction > bone conduction in unaffected ear
Weber result: Lateralises to affected ear

Question 2

What drugs can cause tinnitus?

Answer 2

Aspirin and other NSAIDs taken in high doses can cause tinnitus

Question 3

Rotatory nystagmus

Answer 3

Rotatory nystagmus is indicative of a positive Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre

Question 4

pain on palpation of the tragus, itching, discharge and hearing loss

Answer 4

Otitis Externa

Question 5

Unilateral polyps are a red flag symptom for what?

Answer 5

nasopharyngeal cancer and therefore warrant an urgent referral to ENT.

Question 6

Brandt-Daroff exercises

Answer 6

Brandt-Daroff exercises can be performed by the patient at home to treat BPPV

Question 7

Dix-Hallpike

Answer 7

The Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre is used to diagnose BPPV. In patients with BPPV, this manoeuvre provokes vertigo and torsional upbeating nystagmus following a short latent period (5 to 20 seconds). They should resolve within 1 minute if the patient’s position is not changed.

Question 8

presents with sudden vertigo and hearing can be affected. A viral infection often precedes its presentation

Answer 8

Viral labyrinthitis

Question 9

first line antibiotic for tonsillitis

Answer 9

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Question 10

Auricular haematomas

Answer 10

Need urgent ENT referral

Question 11

Ramsay-Hunt syndrome

Answer 11

Ramsay-Hunt syndrome is shingles affecting the facial nerve. This results in ear pain, vesicles in the external ear canal associated with vertigo and deafness.

Question 12

Haemorrhage 5-10 days after tonsillectomy

Answer 12

commonly associated with a wound infection and should therefore be treated with antibiotics