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Head and neck > ENT - Allergy > Flashcards

ENT - Allergy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main events involved in sensitisation?

A

Plasma cells produce IgE

IgE binds to mast cells

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2
Q

What are the main events involved in re-exposure?

A

Mast cells degranulate

Histamine, leukotrines, and prostaglandins are released

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3
Q

What is involved in the acute allergic response?

A

Histamine, cytokines, leukotrines released
Vasodilation
Mucous secretion
Smooth muscle contraction

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4
Q

What is involved in the late-phase allergic response?

A

Migration of other leukocytes like neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and macrophages

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5
Q

What are some techniques for diagnosing allergies?

A

Skin test
RAST
Bloods - Serum IgE
Nasal cytology

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6
Q

How do we treat allergies?

A

Avoid the allergen
Topical intranasal steroids
Antihistamines
Anti-IgE

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7
Q

What is a RAST?

A

Radioallergosorbent test - Measures the presence and level of allergen specific IgE

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