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Head and neck > Anatomy/Physiology of the neck > Flashcards

Anatomy/Physiology of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the borders of the neck?

A

Anterior - Anterior midline
Posterior - Trapezius
Superior - Mandible
Inferior - Clavicle

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2
Q

List some contents of the anterior triangle.

A 
CCA
ECA
ICA
IJV
Facial artery
Hypoglossal nerves
Vagus nerves
Glossopharyngeal nerves
Accessory nerves
Laryngeal nerves
Submandibular nodes
Submental nodes
Facial vein
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3
Q

List some contents of the posterior triangle.

A 
Accessory nerve
Cervical nerve plexus
Occipital artery
EJV
Lymph nodes
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4
Q

Where does the CCA divide?

A

C4

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5
Q

Does the ICA have branches in the neck?

A

No

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6
Q

List some branches of the ECA in the neck.

A 
Superior thyroid artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Lingual artery
Occipital artery
Facial artery
Posterior auricular artery
Maxillary artery
Superficial temporal artery
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7
Q

Which areas are drained by the Parotid lymph nodes?

A

Scalp
Face
Parotid gland

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8
Q

Which areas are drained by the occipital lymph nodes?

A

Scalp

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9
Q

Which areas are drained by the superficial cervical lymph nodes?

A

Breast

Solid Viscera

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10
Q

Which areas are drained by the submandibular lymph nodes?

A 
Tongue
Nose
Paranasal sinuses
Submandibular gland
Oral cavity
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11
Q

Which areas are drained by the deep cervical lymph nodes?

A

This is the final drainage pathway to the thoracic duct

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12
Q

Which areas are drained by the submental lymph nodes?

A

Lips

Floor of mouth

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13
Q

Which areas are drained by the supraclavicular lymph nodes?

A

Breasts
Oesophagus
Solid viscera

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14
Q

What joins the 2 lobes of the thyroid gland?

A

Isthmus

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15
Q

What are the 2 main hormones produced by the thyroid gland?

A 
Thyroxine
Calcitonin (raises and lowers calcium)
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16
Q

What would a thyroid mass that moves with tongue protrusion indicate?

A

Thyroglossal cyst

17
Q

What are some causes of thyroid enlargement?

A

Colloid Goitre
Grave’s disease
Thyroiditis

18
Q

List some components of Grave’s disease.

A

Autosomal dominant
Hyperthyroidism
Thyroid eye disease
Acropachy (soft tissue swelling in hands)

19
Q

List some indications for a thyroidectomy.

A

Airway obstruction
Malignancy
Thyrotoxicosis

20
Q

What are some signs of parathyroid disease?

A 
Renal calculi
Polyuria
Renal failure
Osteoperosis
Peptic ulceration
21
Q

What are some symptoms of parathyroid disease?

A 
Abdominal pain
Constipation
Weight loss
Anxiety and depression
Confusion
22
Q

What is a pharyngeal pouch?

A

Herniation of pharyngeal mucosa between thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus muscles. Food may collect here.

23
Q

What are some consequences of a pharyngeal pouch?

A 
Hoarseness
Dysphagia
Aspiration pneumonia
Regurgitation
Weight loss

Head and neck (11 decks)

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