Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSRA > ent > Flashcards

ent Flashcards

1
Q

Ramsay Hunt syndrome

cause

A

reactivation of VZV in geniculate ganglion of CN VII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ramsay Hunt syndrome

presentation (4)

A

auricular pain
facial nerve palsy
vesicular rash around the ear
vertigo and tinnitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ramsay Hunt mgt

A

PO aciclovir and corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

glue ear RF (5)

A

male sex
siblings with glue ear
bottle feeding
day care attendance
parental smoking

also note higher incidence in winter & spring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

urgent referral to ENT for ?throat cancer if:

A

age >45 with either:
- persistent hoarseness
- throat lump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cholesteatoma

what is it?

A

non-cancerous growth of squamous epithelium that is “trapped” within skull base causing local destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

choleseatoma

i. general features

ii. features if local invasion

A

i. foul-smelling, non-resolving discharge
hearing loss

“attic crust” on otoscopy

ii. vertigo
facial nerve palsy
cerebellopontine angle syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

otitis externa causes: (5)

A

infection:
- bacterial (s. aureus, pseudomonas aeroginosa)
- fungal
seborrhoeic dermatitis
contact dermatitis
swimming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

otitis externa mgt in DM

A

ciprofloxacin

to cover for pseudomonas (most common cause of malignant otitis externa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

drug causes of tinnitus (4)

A

aspirin/ NSAIDs
aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamycin)
loop diuretics
quinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

otitis media abx mgt :

A

amoxicillin

if penicillin allergy:
erythromycin/ clarithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

otitis media cx (4)

A

mastoiditis
meningitis
brain abscess
facial n. paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

SE of amoxicillin in kids

A

non-allergic maculo-papular rash
(usually starts at trunk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

centor criteria

A

Cough (absence of)
Exudate
Nodes (tender cervical lymphadenopathy)
Temperature

score 0-2 3-17% chance of streptococci

score 3 or 4 32 to 56% chance of isolating streptococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

key difference between vestibular neuronitis and viral labyrinthitis

A

there is hearing loss in viral labyrinthitis

vestibular neuritis –> only vestibular n. is involved, therefore no hearing loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vestibular neuronitis features: (4)

A

recurrent vertigo attacks lasting hours or days
nausea and vomiting
horizontal nystagmus
NO HEARING LOSS or tinnitus

17
Q

vestibular neuronitis ddx (2)

A

viral labyrinthitis
posterior circulation stroke (use HiNTS ex to exclude)

18
Q

NICE criteria for tonsilectomy:

A

sore throats are due to tonsillitis (i.e. not recurrent upper respiratory tract infections)
the person has 7 episodes per year for one year, 5 per year for 2 years, or 3 per year for 3 years, and for whom there is no other explanation for the recurrent symptoms)
the episodes of sore throat are disabling and prevent normal functioning

19
Q

drug causes of gingival hyperplasia (3)

A

phenytoin
cyclosporin (immunosupressant)
CCBs (especially nifedipine)

20
Q

non-drug causes of gingival hyperplasia

A

acute myeloid leukaemia

21
Q

bacterial otitis media causative organisms: (3)

A

Streptococcus pneumonaie
Haemophilus influenzae
Moraxella catarrhalis

22
Q

bilateral parotid gland swelling causes (5)

A

viruses: mumps
sarcoidosis
Sjogren’s syndrome
lymphoma
alcoholic liver disease

23
Q

unilateral parotid swelling causes (3)

A

tumour: pleomorphic adenomas
stones
infection

24
Q

Meniere’s disease

features (7)

cause is unknown but thought to be secondary to excessive endolymph

A

episodic (mins-hrs):
vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss (sensorineural).
aural fullness/ pressure
nystagmus and a positive Romberg test
usually unilateral

25
Q

Meniere’s disease
mgt:

i. acute attacks

A

prochlorperazine (buccal or im)

referral to ENT for initial dx

26
Q

Meniere’s disease mgt:

ii. prevention

A

betahistine
vestibular rehabilitation

referral to ET for initial dx

27
Q

normal hearing:

i. Weber
ii. Rinnie

A

i. midline
ii. air conduction> bone

28
Q

conductive hearing loss

i. Weber
ii. Rinnie

A

i. lateralises to affected side

ii. bone conduction> air in affected side
air conduction > bone unaffected side

29
Q

sensorineural hearing loss

i. Weber
ii. Rinnie

A

i. lateralises to unaffected ear
ii. air conduction> bone consuction bilaterally

MSRA (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions