ENT Flashcards
Audiogram Interpretation
Below 20dB line is abnormal
Conductive: air conduction abnormal
Sensorineural: both air and bone conduction is abnormal
Mixed: both air and bone conduction is abnormal with significant different between the two >10dB, air often worse
Indications for antibiotics in Acute Otitis Media
MEDIA
More than 4 days history
Evidence of systemic illness
Discharge or perforation
Immunocompromised patients
Age <2 years
Drugs causing ototoxicity
Mafia Criminal Aren’t Good Fellas
Quinine (malaria)
Cytotoxic/ Cisplatin
Aspirin
Gentamicin
Furosemide
Rinne’s and Weber’s test for sensorineural hearing loss?
Air conduction greater than bone.
Weber’s lateralises to unaffected side.
Rinne’s and Weber’s test for conductive hearing loss?
Bone conduction greater than air.
Weber’s lateralises to affected side.
Rinne’s and Weber’s test normal result?
Air conduction greater than bone.
Weber’s equal.
Red flag symptom in chronic rhinosinusitis?
Unilateral symptoms
Sensorineural hearing loss (3)
- Viral Labyrinthitis
- Presbycusis
- Meniere’s disease`
Complications of thyroidectomy? (3)
- Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage
- Parathyroid damage –> hypocalcaemia
- Compartment haematoma –> laryngeal oedema
New sensorineural hearing loss management?
Urgent referral to ENT
Otosclerosis
AD - spongy bone
Conductive hearing loss, tinnitus
Bilateral presentation
Worsened symptoms in pregnancy
What causes haemorrhage post tonsillectomy?
Most commonly infection –> admit for antibiotics
Pain behind ear red flag for?
Mastoiditis
Vestibular schwannoma CN deficits? (CN V, VII, VIII)
CN V: absent corneal reflex
CN VII: facial palsy
CN VIII: hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo
Causes of gingival hyperplasia? (4)
- Phenytoin
- Ciclosporin
- CCB’s -> nifedipine
- AML
