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Medicine > Drug Overdose and Toxicity > Flashcards

Drug Overdose and Toxicity Flashcards

1
Q

Anticholinergic Toxicity

A

Causes hyperthermia, tachycardia, delirium, mydriasis, hot and DRY skin, ileus, and URINARY RETENTION.

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2
Q

LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide)

A

Causes sympathetic activation and altered mental status. Auditory/ visual hallucinations.

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3
Q

Synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”

A

Sympathetic stimulation and aggression, hallucinations, paranoia, and confusion.

Comes up on urinary toxicology screen

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4
Q

TCA Overdose

A

Altered mental status, pupillary dilation, urinary retention, sinus tachycardia

Tx: sodium bicarbonate

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5
Q

Digoxin Toxicity

A

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal pain, anorexia, and blurred vision with a yellow tint

Tx: DIgiFab

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6
Q

CNS depressants (5)

A
  1. ETOH
  2. Opiods
  3. Barbiturates
  4. Benzodiazepines
  5. GHB
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7
Q

Stimulants (4)

A
  1. Amphetamines
  2. Methylphenidate
  3. MDMA
  4. Cocaine
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8
Q

Hallucinogens (7)

A
  1. LSD
  2. Mescaline
  3. Psilocybin
  4. PCP
  5. Ketamine
  6. Ibogaine
  7. Salvia
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9
Q

ETOH Withdrawal

A

Occurs within 12-48 h of drinking

Agitation, tremor, sweating, cramps, GI disturbance, headache, anxiety

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10
Q

Management of ETOH Withdrawal

A
  1. CIWA score - benzos (diazepam)
  2. Thiamine IM, then PO for 3d +folic acid

If >65 yo use lorazepam

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11
Q

Wernicke’s encephalopathy triad

A
  1. Oculomotor dysfunction
  2. Gait ataxia
  3. Confusion
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12
Q

Korsakoff Syndrome (3)

A
  1. Retrograde amnesia
  2. Anterograde amnesia
  3. Confabulation
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13
Q

Naltrexone

A

Opiod antagonist - Used to reduce alcohol cravings

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14
Q

Acamprosate

A

NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist - reduces ETOH cravings

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15
Q

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

A

Prevents oxidation of ETOH causing adverse symptoms from drinkng

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16
Q

Opioid Intoxication

A

Respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, N+V, sedation

Treatment: naloxone

17
Q

Opioid Withdrawal

A

dysphoric mood, insomnia, myalgia, N+V, chills, sweating, fever

18
Q

Cocaine Intoxication

A

Elation, euphoria, pressured speech, restlessness

Sympathetic stimulation, tachycardia, sweating, dilated pupils, hypertension, hyperthermia

19
Q

Amphetamine Intoxication

A

Euphoria, improved concentration, sympathetic and behavioural hyperactivity

20
Q

Cannabis Intoxication

A

Tachycardia, conjunctival vascular engorgement, dry mouth, altered sensory effects, increased appetite, muscle relaxation, altered mood and perception

21
Q

MDMA/ Ecstasy

A

Sympathetic stimulation: tachycardia, sweating, hyperthermia

Muscle spasms, seizures, death

22
Q

Methamphetamine

A

High agitation, violence, aggression, hallucinations, paranoia, insomnia

23
Q

PCP - Phencyclidine

A

Nystagmus, myoclonus, ataxia, autonomic dysfunction

24
Q

Betablocker overdose

A

Bradycardia, hypotension, and CNS depression, arrhythmias

Tx: Glucagon

Medicine (16 decks)

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