English revolution 1642 Flashcards
1
Q
King at time
A
- Charles I
2
Q
What did Charles to do parliament in 1629?
A
- Dissolved parliament, and didn’t call it for another 11 years
3
Q
Political causes of English revolution
A
- Charles dissolves parliament for 11 years in 1629
- Charles levies a forced loan and tries to rule using martial law
- James I (his father) had conflict with parliament in his reign
4
Q
Religious causes of English revolution
A
- Charles Married Catholic princess from France, becoming his closest advisor- many feared the influence she would have
- Laudian reforms
- Charles tries to impose new prayer book in Scotland, causing riots
5
Q
Who was Laud and what did he believe
A
- Archbishop of Canterbury
- Was Arminian- meant he believed people should worship similarly to catholics
6
Q
Who were Prynne, Bastwick and Burton and what did they do?
A
- 3 puritans who wrote a pamphlet criticising the Laudian church
- Tried in the Star Chamber, and were punished as thieves
- had their ears cut off and faces branded
7
Q
Who were covenanters
A
- Scots who opposed the new Laudian prayer book, and so fought against Charles and invaded England in 1639
8
Q
Economic causes of English revolution
A
- Ship money introduced in 1637
-usually only paid by coastal towns, but Charles made everyone pay it - MP John Hampden refused to pay it and was convicted
9
Q
What did Charles do in 1640
A
- Recalled parliament to get taxation to fight the Scots
- in November Charles made agreements with government and ‘Long government’ was created
10
Q
What happened in 1642 causing war to start
A
- John Pam presented the Grand Remonstrance, which was a list of grievances towards Charles.
- Charles marched to parliament to arrest the 5 men who led the opposition, failing but showing that he was a tyrant who didn’t listen to the people
11
Q
Who was Oliver Cromwell
A
- Puritan MP who wanted full removal of the monarchy
- Leader of Parliamentarians and created new model army
12
Q
Key events of Civil war
A
- King’s army defeated by New model army at Battle of Naseby
13
Q
Effects of first civil war
A
- Charles was imprisoned
- He wrote to Scottish parliament in prison to negotiate with them to help him
- Led to the second civil war
14
Q
What happened in second civil war
A
- Battle Of Preston 1648
-Scots were defeated by New Model army - Charles showed he couldn’t be trusted
15
Q
Consequences of English revolution
A
- King Charles executed on 30 Jan 1649- undermined idea of Divine Right
- Commonwealth set up- rare in a king dominated world
- Cromwell became Lord protector
- Glorious revolution (long term)
