Engineer SOG's

Question 0

What are the steps to engaging an apparatus pump?

Answer 0

– Bring apparatus to a complete stop
– Place transmission in neutral
– Apply parking break
– Activate pump switch from Road gear to pump gear
– Check in cab – shift indicator lights should be on
– Wait 4 seconds
– Place transmission and pump kit or, usually drive or fourth
– Check speedometer to see if it shows some value
– Arrive at operators panel to prepare for operation
– See transfer valve is in desired position

Question 1

How many degrees in a turbocharged diesel engine rise if it is suddenly stopped after a hard run?

Answer 1

As much as 100°

Question 2

What are the steps if the green indicator light is not on after engaging pump?

Answer 2

First put the transmission in reverse, and then back to neutral, then into drive.

Question 3

What is the procedure for shutting down hose lines?

Answer 3

– Reduce throttle slowly to an idol
– Turn off pressure relief device. If equipped
– Unlock and close discharges
– Disengage pump
– Turn off hydrant or incoming supply
– Open drains to relieve pressure

Question 4

Procedure for charging hose lines

Answer 4

– Start with apparatus in pump at idle speed
– Ensure that hose line is connected and/or is completely free of those bed
– Discharge all the way open when requested. Reply water is on the way
-Twist handle 90° right or left to Locke if applicable.
– Advance throttle to to sired setting

Question 5

Procedure for shutting down one line of multiple lines?

Answer 5

– Unlocked discharge and slowly close discharge

– Adjust throttle and relieved of ice as needed

Question 6

Procedure for operating a one and three-quarter and 2 1/2 inch line simultaneously

Answer 6

– Make sure pump is engaged at idle speed and a continuous water supply established
– Record static pressure on the intake/vacuum gauge
– Slowly open the discharge for the first line that reports ready for water. Reply water on the way and bleed air from the line
– Lock the discharge
– Establish standard operating pressure for the line that is charged
– When the second one is called to be charged. Slowly open the discharge valve while simultaneously adjusting the throttle to maintain the highest pressure required in line. The discharge for the lower pressure requirement line will have to be gated down to maintain the lower pressure for that line

Question 7

Calculating friction loss for hose lines of equal length

Answer 7

– When the diameter and GPM are the same, but the length varies. Charge the higher pressure requirement line and gate back the line with the lesser pressure requirement. Locking discharges are particularly important when you gating down a discharge valve

Question 8

How far should the tank fill/recirculator valve be opened when pumping from the tank of an apparatus?

Answer 8

No more than 1/2 inch. The pump may cavitate when the water level drops below half of the tanks capacity. All that is needed is 10 to 20 GPM to keep the pump cool

Question 9

Procedure for making a transition from tank water to a continuous supply

Answer 9

– Connect the supply line to an intake. The pump panel side would be the preferred side.
– Open intake bleeder valve
– Call for water. Or, if it’s a soft suction connection then proceed to hydrant and open fully.– Clothes bleeder valve wants air is evacuated from the soft suction hose
– Set the pressure relief device
– Fully open intake valve then immediately close the tank to pump valve
– Adjust pump pressure – throttle – to appropriate setting
– Re-adjust relief device as needed
– Begin refilling the apparatus tank by opening the tank fill valve. Monitor the intake/vacuum gauge to ensure it does not fall below 20 PSI

Question 10

Connecting soft suction hose to a hydrant

Answer 10

– Position apparatus to minimize kinks in the soft suction line while keeping the roadway free for emergency traffic.
– Bring apparatus to a stop and apply parking brake. Engage apparatus pump
– Grab gate valve And soft suction line and hydrant wrench from side panel and proceed to hydrant
– Remove 4 1/2 and 2 1/2 inch cap And momentarily open and then close the hydrant to flush and ensure that the hydrant is operational
– Connect gate valve and the soft suction to hydrant
– Connect soft suction to appropriate intake valve and open air bleeder
– Ensure that the gate valve is closed and open hydrant for what
– Close bleeder valve once air is evacuated from soft suction hose
– Note the static pressure for available water calculation

Question 11

Making a hydrant connection at close range

Answer 11

If it is not possible to position the apparatus optimally at 20-22 feet away from the hydrant, or would result in blocking a roadway
– Position apparatus so that the hydrant is about 1–2 feet offset from the apparatus intake to be used
– Set parking brake and engage pump
– Remove soft suction and hydrant wrench from the panel side closest to the hydrant and extend soft suction line to hydrant
– grab LDH spanners
– Retrieve the second soft suction line and remove the hydrant adapter
– Connect both so suction lines ensuring that the Stortz locks have engaged
– If the apparatus intake is closer than 8 feet to the hydrant, the hose will have to be looped under the truck. The hose coming off of the hydrant will have to be run under the apparatus.
– If farther than 8 feet, the loop will still need to be made but will not run under the apprentice
Connect to the intake tight enough ensuring that the Stortz locks have engaged
– Open air bleeder valve on intake
– Fully open the hydrant
– Remove any kinks that might appear
– Close bleeder valve on intake ones air is evacuated from the line

Question 12

Making a blind side hydrant connection:

Answer 12

– position the apparatus front bumper less than 10 feet short of the hydrant
– set parking brake and in gauge pump
– remove the soft suction and hydrant wrench from the panel opposite side of the hydrant and remove the hydrant adapter
– Connect the hose to the intake on the opposite side of the hydrant and open the bleeder valve. Ensure that the Stortz locks engage
– Poll the other end of the connected hose around towards the front of the apparatus and place on ground
– Retrieve the LDH spanners and the other soft suction line and hydrant wrench from the hydrant side of the apparatus
– Place hydrant wrench at or near hydrant
– Connect the non-hydrant adapter and of the soft suction line to the end of the first line that was placed on the ground in front of the apparatus. Ensuring that the Stortz locks are engaged
– Proceed to the hydrant with the soft suction line that has the hydrant adapter connected to it
– Remove the 4 1/2 inch cap and momentarily open and close the hydrant to ensure that it is operational
– Connect the 2 1/2 inch gate valve and close the valve
– Connect the soft suction to the hydrant and open fully
– Remove any kinks that might appear
– Close the bleeder valve once air is evacuated from the lines
– Note the static pressure for available water calculations

Question 13

Flushing intake and discharge relief valves:

Answer 13

The purpose of flushing relief valves is to flush out any sand, sediment and foreign matter that can prevent the relief valve from operating properly. This should be done after pumping any water except clean water from a municipal water system. Also, anytime a relief device is sluggish in operation and as a routine maintenance on a weekly basis.

Question 14

Flushing the discharge relief valves for E– 79 and ladder 79:

Answer 14

In gauge pump, circulate water by opening the tank to pump and tank fill valves and then bring the pump pressure up to 150 psi. With the four way valve – the on and off lever –in the off position, remove the strainer and clean the screen with a garden hose along with the tiny hole in the end of the rod past the screen; compressed air may have to be used. With the screen still out, turn the valve on and off slowly several timesto flush clean water through the pilot valve assembly.
– With the valve off, reinstall the screen only hand tight and turn the valve on and try to set relief valve for operation. If this fails, refer to Waterous maintenance instructions. When finished, turn the pilot valve adjustment knob to a preset pressure of 150 PSI

Question 15

Setting Waterous discharge relief valves for E – 79 and L – 79:

Answer 15

Before setting of the relief valve, the hose lines must be up to desired operating pressure
– Turn on the four-way valves. If the pressure drops, turn the pressure adjustment knob clockwise until pump pressure returns to prior setting. The relief valve is now set. If the pressure does not drop on turning the four-way valves on, then the relief valve is set at or above your operating pressure.– To set: turn adjustment knob counterclockwise one half turn at a time slowly, until the pressure gauge drops about five psi. Now, gradually turn the adjustment knob clockwise one half turn at a time, until the pressure gauge returns to the desired pump pressure. To check the operation of the discharge really fell, do so by raising the pressure by increasing the RPM instead of slamming shut the tank fill valve.
(Note: to prevent minor pressure searches from opening the really felt, you may set the valve five PSI above your intended discharge pressure. If your desired pump pressure changes, the relief valve will need to be adjusted to the new pump pressure.)

Question 16

Setting intake relief valves:

Answer 16

– Stortz intake relieve device:
– Stortz intake relief valves are located at the bottom side of most gated intakes. Most require an Allen wrench to adjust. The depth of the screw as compared to the casting will determine the setting. The settings should be set to match the internal really felt if so equipped to 100 psi

Question 17

Setting internal pump intake relief device:

Answer 17

– Internal pump intake relief valves are built into the pump at the manufacture. Their adjustment location will vary. The adjustment is done by turning a knob with an indicator that points to a numerical setting.
– Intake relief valves settings for single or multiple apparatus operations will be adjusted to 100 psi. This will prevent your pump discharge pressure at an idol from going over 140 psi. A net pump pressure of 40 psi at an idle and incoming pressure above 100 psi from a hydrant or an apparatus will keep your idol pump pressure at 140 psi. And adjustment of the intake relief valve higher than 100 psi may allow your pump pressure at Idle to exceed the required pump discharge pressure of certain hose layouts.

Question 18

Dual pumping:

Answer 18

This involves a second in apparatus forward laying to a position near the first in apparatus. They are frequently called upon to supply the first in unit which usually is operating from tank water. In the past, this meant connecting and LDH from the discharge of the second in unit to the intake of the first in – scene – unit. This arrangement will work only as long as no attack lines are used off of the second in unit. Attack lines require higher pressures then supply lines, so the result is that too much pressure is applied to the first in unit and it’s attack lines.

Question 19

Connecting intake to intake with LDH:

Answer 19

This is the preferred method because both apparatus will be supplied at hydrant pressure and both can operate attack lines within the limits of the available water supply. In addition, a failure of one pump will not affect the operation of the other.
– The second in engineer connects the LDH supply line into one of the intakes, ensuring that the Stortz coupling locks are engaged, Opens the air bleed valve, and calls for water from the hydrant firefighter.
– Close the bleed valve after the air is expelled, and fully open the intake valve and record the static pressure.
– Connect two 25 foot LDH pony lines together between both truck intakes
– First in engineer opens the bleed valve on the Stortz intake and signals ready for water
– First in engineer then closes tank fill valve after tank has Reafield completely
– Both engineers should continue to monitor their compound – intake-gauges and not add any lines after the residual pressure reading reaches 20 PSI

Question 20

Supplying a standpipe or sprinkler Siamese:

Answer 20

Most Siamese connections are within 150 feet of the nearest hydrant, but some are not. This procedure is designed to work in either case, but always positioning the apparatus within reach of the Siamese 150 feet and then hand stretching LDH if necessary.
– Standard pump pressure should be 150 psi for fires from ground level to 10 stories, and 180 psi for fires located above 10 stories. It is our intention to pump into sprinkler and standpipe systems, even if they are already supplied by a stationary fire pump. The reason for doing this is to ensure adequate pressure and supply. 
The building fire pump should shut down automatically when our pump pressure exceeds 100 psi, and will resume operation should our pump fail. Two-stage pumps should be left in volume mode for this operation. 
– Position the apparatus to connect soft suction LDH pony line to hydrant if the Siamese is within 150 feet of the hydrant. If the Siamese is more than 150 feet away from the hydrant, position apparatus within 150 feet of the Siamese.
– Set parking break, engaged, open tank to pump, and partially open tank fill valve.
– Deploy one 2 1/2 inch semi – Minuteman lines to the Siamese and make connection. If he will be charging the sprinkler and standpipe systems, the first line should always go to the sprinkler Siamese
– Return to apparatus, notify command, and charge the line with tank water
– Open intake air bleed, stretch LDH soft suction to hydrant if within 25 feet, and skip to step seven. If further than 25 feet, bypass and proceed to step six.
#6-Pull a 100 foot section of LDH from hose bed. Disconnect coupling, attach to intake making sure that locks are engaged, and open air bleed. Stretch other end to the hydrant
#7-Remove the 4 1/2 inch, open and then close hydrant to flush and ensure the hydrant is operational. Connect LDH to hydrant, and fully open hydrant valve
– Close bleed valve when air is expelled in fully open intake valve
– Close tank to pump valve and a chest pressure back down to previous level.
– Deploy second 2 1/2 inch semi – Minuteman lines to standpipe Siamese – if present – or second sprinkler intake if no standpipe is present. Make connection
– Return to apparatus, notify command, and charge the second line
– If a third 2 1/2 inch line is available, console command and connect to Siamese as instructed
*Siamese connections are sometimes hidden in shrubbery for may have damaged threads or frozen swivels. If a standpipe cannot be located, or the threads are damaged, connect to the system through the next closest discharge outlet. Usually found in the stairwells. Attach a 2 1/2 inch double female to the discharge outlet, attach the line, and open the valve. For a frozen swivel. Connect a double mail, a double female, and then the 2 1/2 inch line

Question 21

Operating the emergency pump shift override:

Answer 21

This procedure is intended to be used when the pump fails to engage through normal procedures.
– For engine 79 there will be an electric shift switch on the dash. This switch engage is the pump. During emergency override you always want the normal pump switch in the engaged pump position, even though it has failed to engage the pump. This prevents the pump from dis engaging if it becomes operational while in override.
Because the transmission may be in first gear instead of drive here fourth. This depends on if the high gear lock has failed which locks the transmission and drive gear, and not first gear. If this is the case, then throttle Will have to be advanced enough to allow the transmission to shift to a higher gear, up to fourth, to build sufficient pump pressure.
– Place transmission in neutral
– Activate normal in cab pump switch to engage pump
– Pole left handle to disengage electric shift and operators panel
– Push in the right handle. (Push for pump)
– Place transmission in Drive
– From the side of the truck, visualize the drive shaft between the transmission and transfer case turning.
If the driveshaft is not turning, the shift to pump did not engage and advancing the throttle will cause unwanted movement of the apparatus
– If the pump fails to engage, disengage by reversing steps five through one and repeat the procedure
(about 20% of the time, the gears in the transfer case do not match properly and this fails to engage pump. Repeating the procedure almost always fixes the problem)

Question 22

Air operated pump override procedure: E – 71 through E-74, and T – 75

Answer 22

– Place pump shift lever in cab to the pump position
– Return to operators panel and activate – push in – the lever for the emergency bypass
– Place transmission in Drive or pump gear
– Verify the driveshaft between the transmission and transfer case is turning. If not, disengage and repeat steps one through three.
*Do not advance throttle if driveshaft is not turning!
– Note: to practice emergency procedures with an air shift, the pump shift lever in the cab must be in the middle position between pump and road position.
– Sometimes an engine will not shift into the pump gear fourth, when engaging the pump, but will engage in first gear. if this happens, the driveshaft will turn very slowly and the speedometer will not read the average 15 to 20 mph at idle. If no rise is seen on the speedometer, the pump has not likely engaged. If a rise is seen, the pump can be operated normally, except that it will shift up through the gears as the panel throttle is raised.

Question 23

Drafting procedures and set up:

Answer 23

This procedure calls for the hard suction to be connected together and placed in the water before being connected to the apparatus. if drafting from a swimming pool, it is not necessary to lay the hose on a roof ladder. A minimum of two people should perform this procedure.
– If the drafting site has been sized up by earlier arriving personnel, or if the operators for Milear with the site, then the apparatus maybe driven to within 40 feet without a forward spotter. Otherwise, the passenger should walk ahead of the apparatus. If and when it must traverse unimproved surfaces, in order to check for hazards.
– Once in proximity of the tentative site, and if it hasn’t been sized up earlier, the spotter should check the site to determine if the apparatus can be safely positioned close enough to the water source, and that the depth of the source is sufficient. Minimum acceptable depth for drafting is 3 feet.
– Remove both sections of hard suction line and connect together on the ground. Use a rubber mallet to tighten the couplings and minimize air leaks.
– Get the water operations rope throw bag and connect the end with the carabiner to the suction strainer. Extend the rope to near the pump panel for later attachment.
– Get the 14 foot roof ladder from the truck, extend the hooks so that they face down, and push the ladder into the water hooks end first. The hooks will act as a slide and keep the strainer further off the bottom. Return the latter rack to its upright position.
– Walk the suction hose into position and lay it on the submerged latter. Be sure that sufficient hose remains out of the water to reach the intake once the truck is in position.
– Using a forward spotter, pull the apparatus into a position parallel to the drafting source and within reach of the suction hose.
– Remove the gated intake valve and inspect the intake screen to make sure it is intact and in position. If the screen is damaged, remove it before proceeding.
– One person will then lift the suction hose to the level of the intake while the second person makes the connection and tightens the coupling with a rubber mallet to minimize air leaks.
– Visually check to make sure all intake, discharges, line drains, tank fill and tank to pump valves are completely closed.
– Engage the pump
– Put the transfer valve if equipped in the volume or parallel position, and turn on the auxiliary engine cooling system.
– Raise engine RPM to a high idle 1000–1200 to cope with the amperage draw of the primer pump motor.
– Open the tank to pump and tank fill valves for about five seconds to allow tank water to fill the lower portion of the pop and a lead in obtaining a prime. Close both valves before engaging primer pump.
– Engage the priming pump, but no longer than 30 seconds for up to a 1250 GPM pump, or 45 seconds for a larger pump. Hose will sag as it fills with water. Priming pump will begin discharging water. Sound of the priming pump will change, and the fire pump will begin showing pressure on the main discharge gauge.
– If you will not be immediately pumping water to the scene, then partially open the 2 1/2 inch discharge that you previously removed the cap From. Allow water to flow onto the ground at the existing high idle setting. This will prevent the prime from being lost.
– When ready to pump to the scene, Open the LDH discharge and then close the 2 1/2 inch you were using to keep the prime. Said initial pump pressure at 100 psi for a hose late of 500 feet or less, or 150 psi for a hose lay between 500-1,000 feet. Both of these settings will deliver approximately 1000 GPM to the apparatus on scene with 50–60 PSI intake pressure. and just as instructed by the scene engineer.
– Once operating at pressure, the rope attached to the strainer can be used to lessen the depth of the strainer if needed to prevent sand from being drawn into the park. To do so, pull the rope along the length of the host until the strainer and bows up slightly. When the depth is correct, wrap the rope around the lugs of the hard suction coupling at the pump panel. Crossing back and forth in the same manner that you would attach a rope to a boat cleat, and apply a half hitch.

Question 24

Problems regarding drafting:

Answer 24

Drafting requires three operator to closely monitor operations for signs of trouble. An increase in vacuum indicates that the pump is working harder to lift the water. This could simply be caused by an outgoing tide, or it could be an indication that the suction strainer is becoming blocked with weeds or debris. If the vacuum gauge goes higher than 10 inches of mercury Hg, The pump will no longer be able to pump capacity, regardless of engine RPM.
– Another problem that can develop is whirlpooling of the water above the strainer. When this happens, Air can be sucked into the strainer as much as 20 inches below the surface. If possible, the strainer should be lowered to at least 24 inches below the water surface. Care should also be taken to ensure that the strainers kept off the sandy bottom.
If that is not possible, the whirlpool must be continually disrupted through the pumping operation. This can be done manually by a person in the water, or use a pike pole to maneuver a floating backboard over the whirlpool area.
– Overheating of the engine can occur while it is working hard with low airflow through the radiator. If the auxiliary cooling system is not preventing overheating. A hand line can be used to flow a small amount of water over the fins of the radiator. If the truck continues to overheat, command must be notified, and the engine RPM will have to be reduced. If that does not work, notify command that wants all firefighting personnel that are receiving water be removed from interior fighting positions, and or exposure lines. The apparatus may have to be shut down to prevent extensive damage to the engine.

Question 25

Establishing a draft when the primer pump fails:

Answer 25

– With the pump engaged, open and uncapped 2 1/2 inch or larger discharge without a hose attached.
– Set the engine RPMs to 900. Too much RPM may hinder obtaining a prime.
– Fully open the tank to pump and tank fill valves.
– 20 seconds after opening the above valves, partially closed only the tank fill valve 1/2 inch at a time, about every five seconds. Close the tank fill valve 1/2 inch until it is halfway closed. Do not Close the valve more than half way shut. Doing so may impede the priming process.
– With the tank fill valve halfway shut, paws and watch for pressure to register on the master pump pressure gauge. Water and air will be expelled from the open discharge in step one.
– When the open discharge is discharging water only and no air, you have obtained a prime in this open discharge should be gated down. You should flow about 20 GPM to keep a prime and keep the pump cool.
– The master pressure gauge should register above 50 psi and there should be a corresponding reading of inches of mercury on the vacuum gauge.
– No the tank fill and tank to pump valves should be closed completely.
– When it is time to send water from the drafting source to the fire or next pumper. the discharge that was opened to flow water and keep the prime can be fully closed, and the discharge to send water can be opened and locked.
– The engineer can replenish the water in the tank that was used to obtain a prime as soon as it is feasible to do so.

Question 26

Supplying a scene apparatus from a hydrant apparatus:

Answer 26

This procedure would normally be implemented with a reverse lay. However, there are circumstances where a forwardly would be more appropriate. If the street is narrow, or if it’s necessary to turn the supplied apparatus around at the scene and space is limited, then the first in apparatus can wrap a hydrant and lay in from the hydrant. The supply apparatus would then stop at the hydrant and make the appropriate connections to the hose already laid.
– In this operation the apparatus are connected discharge to intake. One apparatus connects to the hydrant and pumps to the intake of another apparatus usually at the scene. An
apparatus should be used at a hydrant anytime you are 500 feet away.
– The maximum distance between apparatus should not exceed 1400 feet when using 5 inch LTH. When the distance exceeds 1400 feet, additional pumping apparatus should be positioned at 800 foot intervals.
– LDH is laid by forward lay and hydrant wrapped, or reverse lay
– Supply apparatus stops at hydrant and engages pump before leaving the cab
– Break LDH connection at hose bed, and or connect LTH to Stortz discharge, ensure that the Stortz locks have engaged
– Make LDH pony line connection to hydrant as per hydrant connecting procedures
– Advise scene engineer you are ready to send water
– When requested to do so, open LDH discharge valve and lock if applicable
– Set your initial pump pressure to 100 psi for hose lays of 500 feet or less. Or, 150 psi for hose lays between 500 feet and 1000 feet. Both settings will deliver approximately 1000 GPM to the apparatus on scene with 50–60 PSI residual. when the hydrant is known to be poor – less than 600 GPM. You should always connect an engine to the hydrant to pump the supply line.

Question 27

Relay operations:

Answer 27

A relay, for the purposes of this procedure, will be required anytime a LDH lay of more than 1400 feet is necessary. Hose lays of more than 1400 feet will also require more than two pumping apparatus spaced no further than 1400 feet apart. A reverse hose late is the recommended method of implementing this procedure.
Procedure starts with an apparatus reversing valve from a scene apparatus, and laying its entire 1004th load. This apparatus and then stops, and a second apparatus continues the reverse lay until it’s 1000 foot load is laid. This process continues until the water source is reached. If the last length of LDH to reach the water source is 400 feet or less, then the apparatus 400 feet away, Will connect the LDH together. Proceed to the water source and pump the last 1400 feet. If the last length of LTH to reach the water source is 500 to 1000 feet, then the last pumper will pump from the source. The pumping apparatus at the source should have a pumping Pacitti equal to or greater Van the other trucks in the relay.

Question 28

What are the radio designations of the apparatus in a relay?

Answer 28

– Scene pumper. The apparatus at the scene.
– Middle pumper – one. The next apparatus hope the line. Then, two, three, etc …
– Source pumper – the apparatus at the water source.
All apparatus assigned to a relay, except the scene pumper, should be assigned a separate tactical channel. And be monitored by command. The apparatus on scene must continue to operate on the same channel as the attack teams the unit is supplying. Communications From middle or source pumper should go through command.

Question 29

Steps of a source pumper apparatus in a relay:

Answer 29

– Source pumper –
– Connect LDH pony line to hydrant her S OG, making a hydrant connection, or establish a draft per SOG drafting procedures and set up.
– Connect the LDH supply line to the large diameter discharge
– Make radio contact with next apparatus in line, and advise you’re ready to pump
- After clearance to pump, record static pressure – if hydrant source – and open discharge
– The chest pressure to deliver 60 PSI to the next apparatus using 10 PSI friction loss per 100 feet section of LDH. (130psi). this is a rule of thumb that will deliver the equivalent of a good hydrant. Monitor the intake gauge while increasing pressure, and do not let it drop below 20 PSI. If the gauge a reaches 20 PSI before operating pressure is reached, then you are effectively pumping all the available water from the hydrant. Notify command.
– Just as advised by the next apparatus

Question 30

Steps of middle pumpers in a relay:

Answer 30

– In gauge pump before leaving cab
– Connect supply LDH to gated intake and open air bleed valve
– Connect your LDH to large diameter discharge
– When contacted by next pumper up the line, advise you are ready for water
– Close air bleed valve after air is expelled and open intake valve– Contact next apparatus down the line, and advise you’re ready to pump
– Upon Clarence to pump, open discharge
– Adjust pressure to 150 psi, or until intake gauge reaches 20 PSI. Whichever occurs first

Question 31

Steps of a scene bumper at a relay:

Answer 31

– In gauge pump before leaving cab
– Connect supply LDH to gated intake and open air bleed valve
– Notify command that you’re ready for water
– If operating from tank water initially, provide a tech teams with water status updates. In almost every circumstance, tank water will be depleted before the relay is established
– When water arrives, close air bleed valve after air is expelled. Then open intake valve
– Notify command that a continuous water supply has been established
– Unless pre-authorized, contact teams or units awaiting water and confirm they are ready
– Charge lines to desired operating pressure. But, do not allow him take Gage to drop below 20 psi
– If adjustment of the intake pressure is needed, contact command to have all relay units just an equal amount up or down as desired

Question 32

Shutting down a relay operation:

Answer 32

– The scene apparatus should reduce RPM to an idle and switch to relay channel
– The scene engineer notifies the next apparatus of the line to throttle down to an idol, and then the next after that as each radios a confirmation
– All apparatus should disengage their pumps
– All apparatus bleed LDH line pressure through tank fill for discharge to ground

Question 33

Friction loss formulas for written test purposes:

Answer 33

The formula is CQ squared L
C equals the Keowee fishing which is a constant for a particular hose diameter as follows:
– 1 1/2 inch equals 24 Coefficient
– One in three-quarter inch equals 15.5 coefficient
– 2 1/2 inch equals 2
– 5 inch equals .08

–Q equals gallons per minute flowing divided by 100. 95 GPM equals .95. 150 GPM equals 1.5
–The number squared, more multiplied by itself. 1.5 squared equals 1.5×1.5 which equals 2.25
– L equals the length of the hose divided by 100. Example: 150 feet divided by 100 equals 1.5
*All friction loss for me was always calculate friction loss for 100 feet of hose!

Question 34

Rule of thumb for friction loss per 100 feet of hose:

Answer 34

Rule of thumb friction loss formulas are to be used for the practical engineer promotion exam and any fire ground operations in the field.
– 3 inch hose equals Q squared
– 4 inch hose equals two squared over five
– 5 inch hose equals two squared over 15
– One and three-quarter inch hose equals (gpm x 4)squared over 100
Example: one and three-quarter inch hose, 150 feet at 150 GPM equals
150×4 = 600. 600÷100 = 6. Six squared equals 36. 36 PSI friction loss per 100 feet of one and three-quarter inch hose. 36 PSI times 1.5 for the 150 feet of hose equals 54 psi

Question 35

The flowing method, or -10 formula:

Answer 35

Used for 2 1/2 inch hose lines up to 300 GPM.
– Subtract 10 from the first two digits of the flow to get the friction loss per 100 foot section of hose. Example: 250 GPM. 25-10 = 15 psi.
– 2 1/2 inch hose will be calculated by the following method. If use -10 from the first two numbers of the flow between 170 and 300 GPM that will be the amount of the friction loss.
– 95 GPM for a one and a half inch hose has about the same friction loss as a one and three-quarter inch hose at 150 GPM, equaling 54 psi
– 150 feet of 2 1/2 inch hose flowing 250 GPM equals 22 PSI flowing
– 150 feet of 2 1/2 inch hose wyed to two (2) One and three-quarter inch hose at 150 GPM and 150 feet equals 84 PSI flowing

Question 36

Appliance Friction loss:

Answer 36

The primary consideration in establishing an effect of master stream is stream itself. The purpose of a solid core master stream is to apply water directly on the burning material to cool it below its ignition temperature. The stream must hold together as much as possible to minimize evaporation as it passes through the intense heat on it’s way to the burning material.
– A solid core master stream nozzle should be operated at 80 PSI, and add 20 PSI for additional reach not to exceed 100 psi
– A handheld solid stream nozzle shall operate at 50 PSI nozzle pressure and add 15 psi additional for extra reach not to exceed 65 PSI.
– A master stream with the fog nozzle requires 100 psi nozzle pressure. The use of the fog nozzle on the master stream may be necessary when hands lines are being supplied from the same truck in order to keep nozzle pressures on each line within normal operating parameters.
– If the GPM is greater than 350 GPM, then 25 psi friction loss shall be added to the engine pressure for each appliance including an apparatus mounted deck gun. I E. A 600 GPM deck done being fed by a manifold would have 50 psi total appliance loss. No appliance loss will be considered for a gated why. Fight me. One 2 1/2 inch wyed off into two One and three-quarter inch lines.
Notes – an alternative to using the master stream fog nozzle would be to reduce GPM on the hand lines if possible.

Question 37

Pumping directly to an aerial master stream:

Answer 37

The procedure utilizes a second apparatus supplying the elevated master stream through a reverse Hose lay. The tower valve we’ll handle at the rear of an aerial operators Tailboard location Shall be left in the open – counterclockwise – position. Unless the aerial intake/discharge is going to be used as a discharge. I.e. Reverse lay.
– Closing this valve will not allow any water to be discharged from the aerial waterway and only allow water to be discharged from the Stortz Ariel – intake/discharge. The valve shall be left in the open position because the aerial waterway is most likely to be used rather than to supply other apparatus through a 5 inch supply line reverse lay.

Question 38

Set up operation for Sutphin SP – 70 aerial platform:

Answer 38

– One – bring truck to complete stop
– Two – place transmission in neutral
– Three – set parking brake
– Four – activate Ariel PTO
– Five – exit cab and place – two – Chok blocks, one in front, and one behind the rear tire
– Six – check for air clutter, Overhead power lines, trees, etc.
– Seven – check for clearance of outriggers
– 8 – deploy Jack pads
– Nine – push and hold lower button and pump panel. Engine throttle should engage into high idle automatically, hold button until jacks set and air locks deploy
– 10 – pin outriggers
– 11 – hydraulic operation will automatically transfer from stabilizer to Ariel mode
– 12 – turn on bucket power on pump panel
– 13 – turn on upper power on pump panel
– 14 – raise Ariel past the cab clearance decal
– 15 – operate Ariel in a safe manner
Note: before climbing the ladder, make sure the rung alignment light is on

Question 39

Stow operation for Sutphin SP – 70 aerial platform:

Answer 39

– In sure that waterway drain is open
– Retract Ariel fully and center the ladder until the bed alignment light comes on. For a second reference, and more precise position, align the two red arrows on the turntable.
– Fully bed Ariel and hold down control several seconds after hitting the aerial cradle. We want to make sure the aerial is fully bedded to make sure the aerial device does not move while driving
– Turn off, bucket and upper power
– Remove the pins from the outriggers
– Push the jack release button in the left turntable compartment
– Make sure the air jacks have released
– Press and hold the raise button until both checks have been fully stored
– Stowe wheel chocks and jack pads
– Get in the cab and turn off Ariel PTO
– Truck is ready for driving operation

Question 40

Sutphin does not recommend turning off the engine while the aerial is in the air. The following is the procedure for stowing the aerial after the engine has been turned off:

Answer 40

– Restart the truck
– Ensure that the waterway drain is open
– Retract Ariel fully and center the ladder until the bed alignment comes on. For a second reference, and more precise position, a line to red arrows on the turntable
– At this time the aerial will stop just short of the aerial cradle. This is a normal condition.
– To return to Ariel control, push and release the Jack lower button – do not use the Jack release switch
– Once you have Ariel control, bed the aerial fully
– Continue to follow steps 4–10 in Stowe operation

Question 41

Operation safety points

Answer 41

Most problems encountered with operation of the tower are caused by inadequate maintenance. To keep the tower fully operational, routine lubrication policies must be followed
– Frequently inspect the chassis and running gear, and maintain in good mechanical condition following recommended schedules in this manual. The aerial tower is of no use unless it can be transported to where it is needed. Careful, safe driving rules should be observed for the same reason.
– Carefully and frequently check and inspect the entire area tower equipment for loose boltsor rivets, on lubricated bearing surfaces, dance, work, or twisted parts, hydraulic leaks, defective electric control equipment, etc.… Follow The recommended maintenance schedules
– All members should frequently practice the different phases of Ariel tower operations. Never set up the aerial tower on a marshy ground, freshly filled ground, or other soft surfaces
– never apply opposing, alternating control when operating the aerial tower, either in a side to side motion, a front to rear motion, or and up and down motion. This may set up an accelerated oscillation which could put undue strain on the structure, cause immediate or eventual failure of The aerial tower, or cause injury to the occupants or bystanders
– Do not overload the tower. Observe the load limit. The load limit is 1000 pounds on the 75 foot aerials and 70 foot platform, without water in the water Way, in any position of operation. Do not exceed the number of persons it can hold.
– Although the tower is designed for a one person operation, it is a good safety practice to designate a person to observe the right side stabilizer when the stabilizers are being set up.
– Many accidents occur nationwide with aerial devices during non-emergency operation. Therefore the tower should not be operated by only one person
– Do not permit and untrained person or person who is not thoroughly familiar with this tower to operate it unless constantly supervised.

Question 42

A qualified Ariel tower operator must be able to

Answer 42

– Be capable of spotting the tower properly
– Be able to stabilize the tower properly
– Know the location of every control
– Know what each control does and how it works
Be familiar with the loads that the tower can safely accommodate under various operating conditions
– Be aware of how to operate the tower under unusual circumstances

Question 43

Tower cab set up for Ariel operation:

Answer 43

– Spot the rig about 20 feet from the building when possible

– Set the parking brake and place the transmission in neutral

Question 44

Steps for placing PTO in gear:

Answer 44

Engage the power take off – PTO – placing PTO in gear
– The PTO operates the hydraulic pump, which provides pressure to the hydraulic system.
– Note: an electric switch located near the center of the cab – panel activates the PTO. A pilot light will come on when the PTO switch is moved to the in position
A. Engine must be at idle RPM
B. Be sure there is at least 90 psi air pressure on the truck air system
C. Truck must be at complete stop, parking brake set, and transmission in neutral
D. Move PTO switch on dash to in position. – Wait two seconds –
– The cab controls are now set to operate the tower. The operator should move to the hydraulic system control department, located on the driver side, above the first door, left of the pump panel.
– Note: if the fire pump is not in use, proceed to Ariel tower set up

Question 45

Tower cab set up for pump operation:

Answer 45

– One – truck must be stopped and parking brake set
– To – truck transmission should be in neutral position
– Three – Injun must be at idle RPM
– Four – Move the pump shift lever from Road position to pump position. Do this by pulling back on the lever. At the same time the pump shift is activated, the lock up for the automatic transmission is also engaged. The pump shift lever holds the transmission in the pumping hear position
– Five – shift transmission to drive position. Power from the engine is now being transferred to the pump drive gear and pump impellers are turning. Observe the illuminated green indicator light next to the shift lever. If the light is not lit, the pump is not engaged, and you need to repeat steps 1–5 and observe for pump engagement
– Six – leave transmission selector in neutral for the pump to be ready to operate without churning. For pump operations, put transmission selector in drive
– Note: when arriving at a structure fire or on occasion where the tower is not immediately needed, but the fire pump is being used, place the PTO in gear and deploy the ground stabilizers before placing the pump in gear. Then, if the need to use the tower arises while the fire pump is being used, The stabilizers can be set and the tower will be ready for immediate use. If the PTO is not engaged before the pump is set up, then slow the engine to idle before engaging PTO.
– Caution: attempting to place the PTO in gear with the pump in gear will result in serious damage to the PTO and transmission – unless engine RPMs are at Idol – approximately 650 rpm’s

Question 46

– Ariel Tower set up:

Answer 46

– Leave transmission in neutral
– Set parking break
– Engage PTO at engine idle
– Exit cab
– Pull out operators step
– Set ground pads and stabilizers. Do this by pressing the lower control switch. This is located near the control box, on the vertical face of the compartment adjacent to the pump panel. Next, use the high speed until the jacks are all the way out and down. Then, set the pins in place and ensure that both locks are down
– Danger: operator must always stand on the operator step to help prevent operator from becoming the ground in the event tower comes in contact with power lines. Failure to do so could result in serious injury or death!
– Place wheel chocks approximately 3 inches in front of and behind rear tires
– Pull out the upper power and bucket power switches – if equipped located on the pump panel
– Note: all operating controls at the turntable are hydraulic
– All operating controls on the platforms are electric
– Upper power switch controls the lighting, intercom and rung alignment lights
– Verify with all personnel the tower is ready to operate. When stabilizers and pads are properly set on the stable ground, the tower is designed to operate at optimum operational height and horizontal reach with rated payload.