Energy transfer (1.1) Flashcards
Cellular respiration
Provides energy in all living organisms by converting glucose and Oxygen into carbon dioxide, water and ATP energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —–> 6H2O + CO2 + ATP
Heterotrophs
“Other- Feeders” AKA Consumers
Anaerobic Fermentation
The energy releasing process for organisms (mainly bacteria) in environments without oxygen
Photosynthesis
Provides energy to plants by converting Carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Autotrophs
“Self-feeders” AKA Producers
Albedo
The amount of energy that is reflected from a surface (Light colored surfaces have higher albedo)
Trophic levels
Quaternary Consumers - 5th
Tertiary consumers - 4th
secondary consumers - 3rd
Primary consumers - 2nd
Primary producers - 1st
The rule of 10
Only 10% of energy is passed up the food chain from the previous trophic level
The rest lost through body heat, undigested food, uneaten portions.
Pyramid of Numbers (4)
Measures the number of organisms in a trophic level
- the wider the bar the more organisms represented
- doesn’t take size into account
- inverted in forest ecosystem
Pyramid of Biomass (3)
Measures the biomass of the organisms in each trophic level.
- the wider the bar the more dry weight of the organism
- Inverted in an Ocean ecosystem
Pyramid of Energy
Based on the total amount of energy in each trophic level
- good at depicting why food chains are limited in size
- cannot be inverted
Biomagnification
when a toxin magnifies in a food chain
Bioaccumulation
When a toxin accumulated in an organism
Decomposers
Organisms who help break down dead organic material and release it into the ecosystem
PPM
Parts per million
