Energy requirements of living cells Flashcards
What is cellular respiration
The process that supplies all living cells with energy
Where does cellular respiration take place
In the mitochondria
What are the parts of a mitochondria
Outer membrane Inner membrane Mitochondrial DNA Cresta Ribosomes Matrix
What is the outer membrane permeable to
Gas and H2O
Describe the inner membrane
Folded in crestas to increase surface area for attachment of respiratory enzymes
Describe the matrix
Contains enzymes needed for Krebs cycle (klebs cycle)
What is the function of ribosomes
produce enzymes to control reactions
The inner and outer layer make a
double layer
Why do animal need more energy than plants
More mitochondria
what do animals need energy for
muscle fibres
conduction of nerve impulses
Why do plants require energy
Uptake of mineral salts from the soil
transporting food
opening and closing stomata
What happens during cellular respiration
Glucose breaks down to release chem energy
What is the energy in cellular respiration used for and what does it do
Used to make ATP and powers all metabolic processes in the cell
What part do enzymes play in cellular respiration
They control different steps of respiration to prevent all the energy to be released at once
What does the controlling of energy do
Prevents temp from exceeding 37C
What is the raw material needed for respiration?
Glucose and Oxygen
What is the chemical reaction for respiration
C6H12O6 + O2 —> CO2 + H2O + ATP
enzymes
respiration vs photosynthesis
Catabolic Anabolic
All living Green plants
Energy released Energy stored
No light Need light
Read bottom of table for last stuff
What is combustion
Chem reaction where a substance reacts rapidly with O2 to produce heat + light
What are the stages of Aerobic respiration why are they needed
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle (klebs cycle)
Oxidative phosphorylation
They prevent All the energy to be released in one go
Explain glycolysis (1st)
In cytoplasm surrounding mitochondria
No O2
Glucose —> 2 molecules pyruvic acid (energy rich H atoms)
Small energy released, converted to 2 x ATP
Explain Krebs cycle (Klebs cycle)
MITOCHONDRIA O2 NEED PYRUVIC ACID ENTERS MITOCHONDRIA AND JOINS CYCLIC SERIES OF REACTIONS (EN H-ATOMS REMOVED FROM ACID) CO2 AND EN H-ATOMS released CO2 OUT H-ATOMS NEXT STAGE
Oxidative phosphorylation
In mitochondria
H atoms that were removed go through a series of oxidation reactions that release energy
EN is used to convert ADP into ATP (phosphorylation)
ATP + H2O released (read note)
