Chemical digestion Flashcards
What are the 3 organic compounds that food is made out of?
Protein
fats
carbs
What are enzymes?
They are protein molecules that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions
They also alter the rate of specific reactions
What is a substrate?
The substance that is acted upon by an enzyme (Food)
Look at diagram
FUCK THE DIAGRAM
What are polymers?
Long chains of organic molecules made up of smaller units called monomers
What do digestive enzymes do?
Break down food molecules (polymers) into short chains (monomers)
What are monomers?
Food particles that are small enough to diffuse into the bloodstream and is soluble in H2O
Why is the Process of chemical digestion needed?
Mech digestion does not break food up into small enough pieces to enter the bloodstream
What are proteins, carbs and fats made out of?
Protiens = ammino acid carbs = Glucose molecules fats/lipids = 3 Fatty acid + gylcerol
What are the 3 groups of digestive enzymes and what are their functions?
proteases –> digests protiens
Lipases –> digest fats
carbohydrase –> digests carbs
Enzymes are sensitive to what?
Temp and ph
At what temp do enzymes function optimally
37C
What ph do enzymes skit at
carbohydrases - 7,4 (salivia)
proteasses - 2,5 (digestive juices)
lipases - around 7 ( bile neutralises so it smaak a poes nxa alkaline)
Where are the different sites of chemical digestion around the body?
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
What do Salivary glands secrete
Mouth
Salivary glands secrete saliva that contains mucus, H2O , Crabohydrase enzyme
