Energy balance & energy density

Question 1

energy balance

Answer 1

the difference between your energy input (food and drink) and your energy output (energy being used in the body)

Question 2

basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 2

the amount of energy (KJ) you burn as your body preforms basic life-sustaining function

Question 3

Total energy expenditure (TEE)

Answer 3

The total amount of energy (KJ) burned by the body in one day.
TEE= 50-60% BMR + ~10% thermic affect of food (TEF) = ~30-50% movement

Question 4

positive and negative energy balance

Answer 4

Positive- more weight gained then weight burned (creates weight, plaque build up in arteries, increased blood pressure and cholesterol)

Negative- more weight burned then weight gained (lose weight, can lead to decline in metabolism, decrease bone bass, reduction to thyroid hormones)

Question 5

Energy content of macronutrients

Answer 5

Protein: 1 gram= 17 KJ
Carbs: 1g = 17KJ
Fat: 1g = 37KJ
Alcohol ; 1g = 29KJ
water= 0

Question 6

energy density

Answer 6

energy density is the total amount of energy in a system per unit of volume.
For example- the amount of KJ per gram of food (KJ/g)

total energy (kJ) / total weight (g)

Very low: 0-2.49 KJ/g (eat plenty)

low: 2.5 - 6.29 KJ/g (eat at will)
medium: 6.3-16.69 KJ/g (eat sparingly)
high: > 16.7 KJ/g (eat rarely- if at all)

• fat increases energy density in food- more energy for less food

Question 7

how to make foods less energy dense?

Answer 7

• dilute high ED foods with low ED foods (add foods with high water and fibre content)